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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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lexicalization
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some of the letters are omitted and fingerspelling becomes more like signing
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morphology
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how a word or sign is changed in order to express different meanings
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asl word order is
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svo subject verb object
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william stokoe
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linguistic structure of asl
- published dictionary of asl - people began to recognize asl as a language |
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asl is a ________ language.
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visual-gestural
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signers convey grammatical info with their _____________
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faces, bodies and surrounding space
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asl shares linguistic properties with languages such as ______, ______, and _______
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navajo, greek, and russian, not common to english or chinese.
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asl signs may be ______or ______
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arbitrary or iconic
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arbitrary signs
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nothing about the execution of signs reveals their meaning
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iconic signs
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signs reveal info about the meaning
ie. tree (position and handshape) |
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before the debate of oralism vs. manulism their was a debate of _____vs._________signs
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methodical vs. natural
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methodical signs
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signs presented in english morphology and syntax.
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natural signs aka colloquial signs
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more accurately reflected language incorporated by the deaf n everyday use.
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combined system
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schools were taught with oral only instruction.....in older grades- some students would be tracked in either the manual or oral departments.
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manual departments
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in a combined system, the children considered oral failures.
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three reasons for development of manually coded english systems
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1. dissatisfaction with educational levels of deaf children
2. increased knowledge of normal lang. dev. of hearing children, and importance of first few years. 3. dissatisfaction of input of speechreading alone |
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common characteristics of major (mannually coded) systems
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-borrow liberally from asl
-developed for use by hearing parents - attempts to generate new signs for elements that were previously fingerspelled or omitted |
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SEE 1 (seeing essential english)
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david anthony 1966
- engl. presented visually same to deaf as hearing kids - every eng. word has sign - signs delivered in spoken word order. - 2 out of 3 rule -root word concept |
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in SEE 1 anthony added ____ ____ and appropriate endings
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verb tenses and signs for words such as articles, Never BEFORE!
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2 out of three rule
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2 of the 3 aspects the same, the word would be signed the same
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LOVE (linguistics of visual english)
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dennis wampler 1972
- signs presented as stokoe developed. -word should be signed same regardless of content |
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symbols developed for love
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shape
position movement final shape |
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SEE 2 (signing exact english)
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introduced initialized signs and added signs
- 2 of 3 rule |
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in SEE 2 if meaning of the compound word is related to meaning of separate then signed_________
BUT if meanings nor related then signed ________ |
separate ie. cow boy
together ie. butterfly understand |
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manual english systems:
employ the use of ______ with _____signs to distinguish english synonyms |
-follow english word order
- initials with base signs ie. beautiful, pretty, lovely |
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communication may take the form of ___, ____, or _____
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spoken, written or gestural expression
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parameters of sign language
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handshape
location movement orientation nonmanual signals |
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pidgin sign english
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signs evolved naturally
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2 ends of pidgin sign
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asl at one end and contrived invented (MCE) at other
closer the language variety is to manual english the farther from asl. vice versa. not everyone moves freely. ie deaf and hearing. at opp ends. |
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a more reduced version of signed english appears to be more appropriate for _____ and _____ because?
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adolescents and adults bc :
more important for parents/teachers to relay info then serve as language models. 2. signs take longer then speech |
