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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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protein molecules
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c h o n s
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water
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60 - 90% of soft tissue
o and H |
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major elements of composition
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o c h n 96% of body matter
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mysi bros
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epimysium - outer
perimysium - middle endomysium - inner around muscle bundles contributes to the toughness of meat |
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3 kinds of muscle
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skeletal
smooth or visceral cardiac |
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muscle bundle
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surrounded by perimysium
contains blood vessels veins and nerves size of bundle determines texture of muscle adipose between bundles ex-posoas major - tenderloin semimembranous - eye of round |
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muscle fiber
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muscle cell
50 - 300 fibers in each bundle seperated a connective tissue sheath called endomysium length from 1-34 cm -lengthe dictates how much a muscle contracts |
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myofibrils
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found only in muscle cells
- contractile unit of muscle and consist of protein -made up of repeating sarcomeres -composed of at least 10 different proteinss -myosin and actin are major proteins -1000-2000 myofibrils in muscle fibers |
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myofibril definition
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a contractile unit of muscle that is made of primarily myosin and actin and when put together with up to 2000 other myofibrils, make up muscle fibers
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myosin and actin
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thick filament
thin filament -act together to cause muscle contraction -major proteins of myofibrils |
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components of muscle fiber or muscle cell
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sarcolemma
nuclei sarcoplasm mitochondria lysosomes golgi complex |
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golgi complex
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structure located near the nuclei which functions to excrete things from the cell
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sarcomere
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the fundamental unit of muscle structure composed of myosin and actin extending from z-line to z-line
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sarcolemma
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cell membrane of the muscle fiber
- entire structure is very elastic and contracts with the muscle -can transport nerve impulses -the tructure is associated w/the endomysium |
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nuclei
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skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated and each may contain 100-200 nuclei
-most of the nuclei lie near the sarcolemma around the connection of the verve to muscle -contain dna code for cell proteins |
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sarcoplasm
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similar cytoplasm but coontains myoglobin
-contains enzymes important to metabolism -contains mitochondria fat droplets glycogen granules and golgi apparatus -sarcoplasmic reticulum - transport -tranverse tubules - ditributor |
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lysosomes
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contain enzymes to destroy cells
-small vesicles located in sarcoplasm -contain a number of enzymes capable of digesting the cell and it's contents |
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mitochondria
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oblong organelles located in the sarcoplasm
-powerhouse of cell produce ATP -contains enzymes for oxidative metabolism (krebs cycle) -located on the edge of the muscle fiber -neuromuscular junction and z-disk |
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what is meat
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animal tissue suitable for use as food
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edible organ meat
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tongue
kidney heart brain thymus - sweet bread tripe pancreas / liver |
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co-opetition
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cooperating to create a bigger pie while competing to divide it up
taiwan beef alliance australia - new zealand - USA |
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sarcoplasmic proteins
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flesh fluid
soluble in water make up 6% of cell globular - weak structure myoglobin important to meat color transfer o2 within the muscle |
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function of proteins
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composed of AA
20 AA commonly found in body 9 are essential 2nd highest constituent of body |
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boneless raw meat contents
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water 65-70 %
fat 5-20% protein - 16-18% ash (constant) 2% water and fat change |
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functions of water in muscle
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serves as a medium for transport
medium for which chemical reactions occur absorbs heat produced by body |
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3 types of proteins
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sarcoplasmic - flesh fluid
myofibrillar - muscle fiber stromal |
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collagen
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most abundant single protein in animal, found in everything
-20-25% of all protein in body is collagen -major component of ligaments and tendons -forms connective tissue sheets around muscle |
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stromal porteins
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insoluble in water and salt
-produced outside muscle fiber -form connective tissue harness -collagen and elastin are major proteins |
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myofibrillar proteins
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muscle fiber proteins
-soluble in salt -form myobibrils -actin and myosin are major contractile proteins - important to function and form in living muscle -troponin and tropomyosin reculate contraction |
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elastin
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collagen evil twin
yellow in color resistant to heat found in the ligamentum nuchea |
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skelatal muscle
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most abundant tissue 40% of weight
-nuclei near cell membrane - unique -stiated 100 % even -voluntary nervous control |
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smooth visceral muscle
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intestianl walls uterus
-forms a network of crossing fibers -can be controlled by hormaones |
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cardiac muscle
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heart
branched fibers nuclei in center striated but involuntary |
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strure of skeletal muscle
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muscle bundle
muscle fiber nerves myofibrils nuclei blood vessel mysi-bros |
