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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What layer does DHCP operate on?
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Layer 4 - Transport layer
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Does DHCP used UDP or TCP?
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UDP
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What ports does DHCP utilize?
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Clients use 68 to send and receive while servers use 67 to send and receive.
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What is a DHCP lease?
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Defines the amount of time that an IP address is loaned to the client.
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What is the Windows default lease time?
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8 days for wired connections and 6 hours for wireless connections.
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What factors should you examine when determining how long a DHCP lease should last?
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The type of client (wireless / wired)
Average connection time Number of IP addresses |
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What is an address exclusion?
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Used for hardware with an existing IP address that cannot change. Servers are a prime example of this.
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What takes presendence: server or scope options?
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Scope
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What is a DHCP reservation?
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Allows you to assign a specific IP address to a client without having to statically configure it. It uses the MAC address to determine the IP address it receives.
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What is a DHCP relay agent?
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DHCP relay agents forward DHCP requests from clients to a server across a router. The relay agent accepts the broadcast and turns it into a unicast to send to the DHCP server.
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When is a DHCP relay agent used?
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When you don't have a RFC-1542 compliant router with a DHCP server on a seperate subnet.
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What is DDNS?
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Dynamic DNS. When a DHCP client receives a new address, its record is updated in DNS as well. A and AAAA records.
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Is DDNS enabled by default?
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Yes, however the DNS server must be configured to accept dynamic updates.
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What is DHCPNack
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The response from a DHCP server declining the client's request.
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What is DHCPDecline?
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This response is sent to a DHCP server declining an offered IP address.
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What is DHCPRelease?
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Sent to the server from the client to relinquish the IP address and end its lease.
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What is DHCPInform?
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Sent if a client already has an IP address, requesting local configuration information only.
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What is the renewal time value?
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After 50% of the lease time has passed, the client attempts to renew its lease. Referred to as T1.
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What is binding time value?
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After 87.5% of the lease time has passed, the client attempts to renew its lease again if previously unsuccessful. If unsuccessful again, it tries to find a new DHCP server. Referred to as T2.
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What steps take place in a DHCP renewal?
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DHCPRequest and DHCPAck
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What is the DHCP addressing process when a node moves to a different subnet?
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DHCPRequest
DHCPNack DHCPDiscover DHCPOffer DHCPRequest DHCPAck |
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What if a client can't find a DHCP server for an address?
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It assigns itself an APIPA address and sends a DHCPDiscover out every five minutes.
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Is a DHCP database distributed?
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No. A database is stored on each DHCP server.
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What type of storage technology is DHCP based on?
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Joint Engine Technology (JET)
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Where is DHCP's database located?
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%systemroot%\system32\dhcp
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Does DHCP have a size limit?
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No, however once the database has expanded, there isn't a way to shrink it unless the database is compacted.
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When does a DHCP database compact?
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It automatically compacts during system idle periods.
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Where can you access DHCP configuration settings?
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Administrative Tools or Server Manager.
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You have configured your DHCP server fully in your Active Directory domain. What must you do in order to start handing out addresses?
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Authorize the server. This prevents rogue DHCP servers from joining the network and being dicks.
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What must you create before issuing IP addresses?
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A scope.
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What's the difference when configuring an IP address scope for IPv6 versus IPv4?
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Instead of using a starting and ending IP address, you use the IPv6 prefix.
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What command can you use to configure DHCP settings?
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netsh
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What is Microsoft's best practice for DHCP fault tolerance?
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Using a split scope divided 80/20. This is assuming you can get the primary server back up within one or two days.
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Your primary DHCP server died. What options do you have?
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1. Expand the scope on the secondary to encompass the entire scope.
2. Install DHCP on another server, however you MUST modify the relay agents with the updated IP address. |
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When can you skip split scopes for fault tolerance?
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When using failover clustering.
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What is a DHCP audit log?
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Maintains a detailed record of the transactions the server has performed. The last seven logs are saved.
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Where is a DHCP audit log located?
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%systemroot%\system32\dhcp
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How often does DHCP automatically back up?
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Every 60 minutes.
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How do you stop / start DHCP from command line?
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net stop "DHCP Server"
net start "DHCP Server" |
