70-640-Configuring Windows Server 2008

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ACE

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Access control entry

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ACL

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Access Control lists

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Activate Windows Server

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Cscript C:\windows\system32\slmgr.vbs-ato

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add server Core roles, components or features

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Ocsetup.exe <component> /switch

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ADSI

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Active Directory Services Interface used by Windows PowerShell

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Authentication

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The mechanism by which an identity is validated by comparing secrets such as passwords provided by the user or computer to secrets maintained in the identity store

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CN

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Common Name

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CSVDE

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a command-line tool that imports or exports Active Directory objects from or to a comma-delimited text file.

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DACL

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Discretionary access control list

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DC

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Domain Controller

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dll

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Dynamic Link Library

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DN

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Distinguished name

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DNS

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Domain name system

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Domain

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An administrative unit of Active Directory. With a domain , all domain controllers replicate information about objects such as users,, groups and computers in the domain

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DS Commands

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Most of the DS commands take two modifies after the command itself: the object type and the object's DN

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DSAdd

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creates an object in the directory IE dsadd user "user DN" -samid pre-windows 2000 logon name -pwd {Password | *} -mustchpwd yes

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DSGet

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returns specified attributes of an object

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DSMod

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Modifies specified attributes of an object

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DSMove

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moves and object to a new container or OU

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DSQuery

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performs a query based on parameters provided at the command line and returns a list of matching objects

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DSRM

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Removes and object, all objects in the subtree beneath a container object or both

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forest

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the boundary of an instance of Active Directory. A forest contains one or more domains. All domains in the forest replicate the schema and configuration partitions of the directory.

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Forest root domain

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the first domain created in a forest

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functional level

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A setting that determines which features of Active Directory are enabled within a domain or forest. The functional level limits the versions of Windows that can be used by domain controllers in a domain or forest.

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global catalog or partial attribute set

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A partition of the Active Directory data store that contains a subset of attributes for every object in the Active Directory forest. The global catalog is used for efficient object queries and location.

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Groups

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provide permissions

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identity store

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A database of information regarding users, groups, computers, and other security principals. Attributes stored in an identity store include user names and passwords

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Join a domain

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Netdom join %computername% /domain:

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Kerberos

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A standard protocol used by Active Directory for authentication

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LDAP

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Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

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LDIFDE

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Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Data Interchange Format is a draft internet standard for file format that can perform batch imports and exports of active directory objects including users. -i import -f filename to import to or from

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MMC

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Microsoft Management Console

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Namespace

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A folder on a disk - a hierarchy that can be navigated Like a disk volume letter name or Mapped drive.

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organization units

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are administrative containers within Active Directory that are used to collect objects that share common requirements for administration, configuration or visibility.

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OU

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Organizational Unit

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Providers

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Namespaces are created by providers, which can be thought of as drivers. Example file system has a provider as does the registry. Powershell can access and manipulate in the namespaces of those providers.

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Psdrives

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Windows Powershell namespaces from any provider can be represented as PSDrives Windows PowerShell automatically creates a PS Drive for each drive latter already defined by Windows

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SACL

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System Access Control List

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SAM ID

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Security Account Manager ID

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schema

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a definition of the attributes and objects classes supported by Active Directory.

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scripting steps

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connect to the container (OU), create the object (user), populate its properties, (display name), commit the changes

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set a static IPv4 configuration

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Netsh interface ipv4

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Site

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An active Directory object that represents a portion of the network with reliable connectivity. Within a site, domain controllers replicate updates within seconds, and clients attempt to use the services within their site before obtaining the services from other sites

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TCP/IP

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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

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Type Adapter

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Is a translator between .NET framework and Windows PowerShell. To connect to an active directory object, you submit an LDAP query string LDAP://OU=People,DC=contoso,dc=com"

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UPN

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User Principle Name The logon name plus the UPN suffix which by default is the domain to which you would logon ie: [e-mail] Unique to entire forest. Email unique to the world!

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WMI

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Windows Management Interface

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Which properties can be modified for multiple users simultaneously

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General, Account, Address, Profile, Organization Tabs

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What are the distinctions between name of a user object and an account

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User Object Names sAMAccountName, User PrincipalName (UPN), display name and RDN. Account properties=an identity to which permissions and rights can be assigned.

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sAMAcccountName Attribute

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(preWindows 2000 logo name) must be unique for the ENTIRE domain

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RDN

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Relative Distinguished Name of an object. Must be unique in an OU.

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Display Name

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How users are listed in the GAL

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unlock a user account

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Set objUser = GetObject"LDAP://UserDN") objUser.IsAccountLocked = False objUser.SetInfo()

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Distinguished Name (DN)

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the most important LDAP attribute CN="josephine fleming",ou=people,dc=contoso,dc=com

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SID

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Security Identifier is created by the Windows 2000 security subsystem and assigned to security principal objects

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Method

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in the context of programming or scripting, an action performed on an object.

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object

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In the context of programming or scripting, a data structure that represents a system resource. Objects expose properties or attributes, methods or actions.

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Delegation

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Assignment of an administrative task.Delegation within Active Directory is achieved by modifying the DACL of an abject.

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Saved Query

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A view of Active Directory objects base on search criteria.

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objectClass

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IP address

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An IP (Internet Protocol) address isa 32 bit binary unique number identifier for a node or host connection on an IP network. usually represented as 4 decimal values, each representing 8 bits, in the range 0 to 255 (known as octets) separated by decimal points. This is known as "dotted decimal" notation.

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Group policy Member Of setting

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Member of settings are cumulative

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Group[ Policy by Members settings

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GPOs that use the Members setting, only the member setting with the highest GPO processing will be applied and its list of members will prevail,

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audit policy

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A setting that configures the logging of security-related activities

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Delegation

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An assignment of administrative responsibility. A grant of permission to perform an administrative task

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Extensible Markup Language

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(XML) an abbreviated version of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) XML enables the flexible development of user-defined doc types, providing non-proprietary, persistent, and verifiable file format for the storage and transmission of text and data both on and off the Internet

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Firewall

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A hardware or software product designed to isolate a system or network from another network. Traditionally used to protect a private network from intrusion from the Internet. A firewall inspects inbound or outbound packets or both and determines, based on rules, which packets to allow to the other side of the firewall.

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LDAP

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The Primary access protocol for Active Directory.

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Group Policy

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used to configure the membership of groups, security settings, software management and auditing

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RSoP

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Resultant Set of Policies

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GPO

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A Group Policy Object is, by itself, just a collection of configuration instructions that will be processed by the CSEs (Client Side Extensions) of computers.

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SOA

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Start of Authority, and important record type in the Domain Name System.

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Repadmin

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Check replication consistency between replication partners, monitor replication status, display replication metadata, force replication events and knowledge consistency checker recalculation