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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are athe 2 criteria for a planet?
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1. Large enough to form a sphere
2. Must orbit the sun |
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Voyagers 1 & 2 have visited ____ ____ and sent information back to earth.
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gas giants
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Voyager #1 visited ____ and ____.
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Jupiter
Saturn |
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Voyager 2 visited what 4 planets?
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
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Uranus is ____ over and rotates on its _____.
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tipped, side
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What color is Uranus?
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bluish
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Why is Uranus bluish?
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because of a gas atmosphere, which is poisonous
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Neptune is called what ?
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the blue planet
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Neptune is very___ with ____ weather.
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dark
violent |
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What is the coldest known place on our solar system?
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Neptune's moon
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What is Neptune's moon called?
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Triton
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Saturn is called the ____ planet?
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ringed
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Saturn is ____ largest planet?
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2nd
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Why is Saturn called the ringed planet?
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It's rings are brighyer and larger than the rings of any other planet.
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What are the rings made of ?
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Many small frozen particles
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Saturn is different from other planets because it is ___ over and rotates __ ___ ___.
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rotates on it's side
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Jupiter is the _____ planet?
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largest
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Jupiter is the ___ planet from the sun.
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5th
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It is considered a ___ ____. (type)
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gas giant
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All the other planets could __ ___ Jupiter.
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fit inside
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Jupiter has a Great Red Spot that is shaped like a ____.
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football
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What is the surface of Jupiter like?
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It is an ocean of liquified gases
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Is it easy to explore Jupiter and why or why not?
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It is NOT easy because you cannot land.
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Juipter has __ large moons and ____ of smaller moon.
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4
dozens |
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What are glowing balls of gases?
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stars
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What are the gases of stars made of?
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hydrogen, helium and other elements
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What is the brightness of a star called?
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magnitude
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What does the magnitude depend on?
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Size
Temperature Distance from the sun |
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How are stars classified?
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by brightness
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What are the classifications of a star?
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With naked eye= +1 to +6 (brightest to faintest)
With telescope= -29 (or more) to + 20 (or more) |
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What is true brightness of a star?
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apparent magnitude how brigh a star REALLY IS.
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What determines color?
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surface temperatures
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If a star is red what is the temperature.
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coolest temps
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If a star is blue, what is the temperature?
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hottest stars
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What is a small to medium size star called?
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Dwarf
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How would we catergorize the size of our sun?
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Medium-sized yellow star
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Stars that are tens to hundreds of times larger and more luminous than the Sun are called what?
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GIANT STARS
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If a star is hundereds of times larger than the Sun and THOUSANDS of times brighter what is it called?
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SUPER GIANT
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What is a light year?
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The speed light travels in ONE year
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What does "nova" mean?
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new
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How does a nova form?
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When an existing star suddenly FLARES up and becomes hundreds or thousands of times BRIGHTER THAN NORMAL
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What do Novas spew and what is it called ?
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it spews gases and dust into space.
Called NEBULA |
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What is the death of a star called?
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Super Nova
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When a super giant collapses what is it called?
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Neutron star
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When a super giant runs of fuel and DISAPPEARS, what does that cause?
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a black hole
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In a black hole what is going on?
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the gravatational force is so great the core cannot stop collapsing
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A group of stars that seem to form a pattern is called what?
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Constellation
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The shape, design or figure of a constellation are ______.
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imaginary
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Constellations are often named after ______ ______.
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Mythological characters, animals or objects in nature
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How many constellations are there today?
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88
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What are 3 common contelllations?
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Leo the Lion
Orion the Hunter Taurius the Bull |
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What are constellations that circle around the North Star?
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Circum Polar
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Who was the first person to make scientific discoveries with the telescope?
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Galileo
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What does the refracting telescope do?
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bends light to make an object seem larger
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What are the problems with the refracting telescope?
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Cause colors to be distorted
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Reflecting telescopes do what?
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Reflects light to make an object seem larger
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Who invented the reflecting telescope?
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Sir Isaac Newton
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What are two problems with telescopes on Earth?
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dust and debris
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What is the name of the telescope that stays above the earth's atmosphere at all times?
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Hubble Space Telescope
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What do radio telescopes collect from space?
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radiation
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What does the spectroscope do?
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Breaks down a stars light into all its colors.
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What information does the spectroscope provide?
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About temperature, and what the star is made up of. It also shows that all heavenly bodies are moving.
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What is an open cluster of stars?
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hundreds to thousand of stars in no certain arrangement
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What is a "globular cluster" of stars?
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thousands to millions of stars that ARE arranged in the shape of a ball.
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What is a star system called that consists of millions or billions of stars covering light years of space?
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GALAXY
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Our galaxy that has about 300 billion stars is called what?
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MILKY WAY
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Galaxys have different shapes but the Milky Way is shaped in a ___.
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spiral
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The Sun is a ___ of our solar system.?
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star
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Our ____ is dependent on the Sun.
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survival
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What does the sun give us?
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Heat, light, nourishment, climate
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What is the inner part of the Sun?
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Core
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What is the bumpy surface?.
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Photosphere
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The sun's atmosphere is ____?
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chromosphere
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The outer most part is called the ___?
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crown
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What part does the Sun play in keeping our planets in orbit?
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strong gravitational pull
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Earth rotates on its___ which is an imaginary line around.
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Axis
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Each complete rotation = ___ ___
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one day
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The axis is ____ ____ degrees
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tilted , 23
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How are seasons determined?
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By the TILT of the Earth , during its REVOLUTIONS
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In the summer the hemisphere is tilted ___ the sun to get the most sunlight.
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toward
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In the Winter the hemisphere is tilted ___ from the sun.
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away
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Summer soltise is ____ day of direct sunlight.
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longest
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Winter soltise is _____ day of the year.
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shortest
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Spring and autumn receive ___ amount of sunlight.
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equal
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Days and nights are ____ length in spring and autumn.
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equal
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Which planets are the terrestrial planets closer to the Sun.
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
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What is the terrain of terrestrial planets like?
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rocky, dense and earthlike
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Which are the "gas giants"?
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Uranus, Saturn, Neptune and Jupiter.
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Which of the original 9 is no longer considered a planet?
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Pluto
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