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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the characteristics that make something a mineral?
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naturally occurring
inorganic crystal structure definite chemical composition solid at room temperature |
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inorganic
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composed of non-living things
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What are eight properties that can be used to identify minerals?
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color
streak luster(metals = more shiny) density hardness cleavage and fracture special properties(magnetism, florescence, optical properties, reactivity, etc.) |
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What is Mohs hardness scale
and " " a scratch test? |
a scale that measures 10 minerals from softest to hardest
and a test where you scratch minerals against each other to find where they are in Mohs hardness scale |
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cleavage
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when a mineral cuts into thin, flat sheets
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fracture
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when a mineral breaks apart irregularly
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geode
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a geode is a hollow round rock that is lined with crystals
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crystallization
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when water(solvent) containing dissolved minerals (salt-solute) seeps into a hollow rock, crystals form when atoms are arranged to form a crystal-structured mineral
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what are the four ways crystallization can occur
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They can occur when lava cools (1), magma cools (2), water evaporates (3), or the heat dissolves the elements and compounds (4).
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describe the how crystallization can occur in ways 3 and 4 (for minerals from solutions)
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3) the heat dissolves the elements and compounds, that form a mineral, into water, and when the water cools, the elements and compounds leave the water and turn into crystals
4) the ocean's water evaporates, and the mineral part of solution is left behind and thus forms crystals |
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what factors affect the size of the crystals when the magma cools?
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cooling speed-slower = bigger
amount of gas-more = bigger chemical composition-faster = bigger |
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what are the 6 different types of crystals?
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Cubic
Hexagonal Tetragonal Orthorhombic Monocline Tricline |
