6.5 Neurons And Synapses

Front 1

The cells that carry information

Back 1

neurons , sensory neurons bring information to the CNS and motor neurons carry response information to muscles. Together sensory neurones and motor neurons make up the peripheral nerves a neuron is an individual cell that carries electrical impulses from one point in the body to another and does so very quickly.

Front 2

Many individual neurons grouped together

Back 2

Nerves

Front 3

Neurons (structure)

Back 3

Front 4

What is a nerve impulse?

Back 4

The term nerve impulse is very misleading because a nerve does not carry an impulse, the individual neurons within the nerve are each capable of carrying the impulse, as axons of neurons are typically quite long, it is convenient to think of the conductor of a neural impulse as the axon of neurons in some organisms that have a very high development system have surrounding membranous structures collectively called the myelin sheath.

Front 5

Resting potential: Not currently sending an impulse

Back 5

Front 6

Depolarization: sending an impulse

Back 6

Front 7

Repolarization: return to the resting potential

Back 7

Neurons do not send just one action potential; one neuron may send dozens of action potentials in a very short period of time.

Front 8

Saltatory conduction by neurons that have a myelin sheath

Back 8

Saltatory conduction is the term used to describe the phenomenon whereby an action potential of myelinated axons skips from one node of Ranvier to the next.In other words it is faster and less time consuming movement in the area of the membrane underneath the myelin material.

Front 9

Synapses chemical communication between neurones

Back 9

Front 10

A new class of insecticides based on blocking synaptic transmission

Back 10

Neonicotinoid insecticides are a relatively class of insecticide that are chemically similar to nicotine

Acetylcholine. When acetylcholine binds to the receptor protein the result is the normal continuation of the action potential along the postsynaptic neuron. When neonicotinoid molecules bind to the same receptor proteins the action protein is not propagated.