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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What invests the Spinal Cord?
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All 3 meningeal layers - Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and Pia mater
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What is the Spinal cord derived from?
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Embryonic neural tube
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What supplies the spinal cord with blood? (2 sources)
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-Anterior/Posterior spinal arteries
-Radicular aa from segmental vessels |
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Spinal arteries are from:
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Vertebrals (subclavian)
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Upper/lower borders of the SC:
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Upper: medulla at level of foramen magnum
Lower: vertebral level L1 |
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2 Enlargments:
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-cervical
-lumbar |
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What is Conus medullaris?
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Cone-shaped termination of the sacral spinal cord
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Where is Conus medullaris located?
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Between L1 and L2 vertebrae
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What is Filum terminale?
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Condensation of PIA MATER
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Where is Filum terminale located?
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Extends from Conus medullaris to the coccygeal ligament
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What is Cauda equina?
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Lumbosacral roots of the SC that surround filum terminale.
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How many pairs of spinal nerves
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31
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How spinal nerves exit the vertebral canal:
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intervertebral foramina
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which spinal nerves do not innervate a dermatome?
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C1 - THERE IS NO C1 DERMATOME
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General functions of the SC:
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-Relay sensory info from DRG to Brainstem, cerebellum, Thalamus
-Send motor commands out |
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2 types of motor neurons in SC
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-Alpha
-Gamma AE GI |
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What do alpha motorneurons innervate?
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extrafusal muscles
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What do gamma motor neurons innervate?
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intrafusal muscles
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At what SC levels are the cells for preganglionic sympathetic fibers?
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T1 - L2/L3
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What is the site within the SC where these sympathetic preganglionics are housed? Where do they synapse?
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Intermediolateral cell column - synpase at paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia.
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Where are the parasympathetic neurons housed in the SC?
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S2-S4
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Where do the preganglionic parasymp neurons from S2-S4 synapse?
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Pelvic viscera ganglia
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What is in white matter?
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Axons + Glia
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What is in gray matter?
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Neuron cell bodies + Glia
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What is in the central canal?
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CSF
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3 Divisions of SC White matter:
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1. Posterior funiculus
2. Lateral funiculus 3. Anterior funiculus |
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What axons are in the posterior funiculus?
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Ascending somatosensory fibers - Fasciculus cuneatus + gracilis
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What axons are in the lateral funiculus?
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Ascending + Descending tracts
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What is in the Anterior funiculus?
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Also both asc/desc tracts
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3 divisions of Gray matter in the SC:
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-Ventral horn
-Lateral horn -Dorsal horn |
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Types of neurons in Dorsal horn:
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Sensory - give rise to ascending efferent pathways
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Types of neurons in Ventral horn:
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-Alpha/gamma motor neurons
-Interneurons -Give rise to motor efferent pathways to extrafusal and intrafusal muscle fibers |
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What types of deficits result from SC lesions?
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-Sensory
-Motor -Autonomic |
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What symptoms result from a Dorsal rhizotomy?
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-Hypesthesia (Hyposthesia)
-Anesthesia |
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Where does the dorsal root enter the spinal cord? (indentation)
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Posterolateral sulcus
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Where does the ventral root exit the spinal cord?
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Anterolateral sulcus
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What separates fasciculus cuneatus and gracilis?
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Posterior intermediate sulcus
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What are dorsal rhizotomies done for?
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Chronic pain
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Where are Rexed laminae 1-5?
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Dorsal horn
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Where are rexed laminae 6-9?
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Ventral horn
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Where is rexed lamina 10?
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Central commisure - surrounds the central canal.
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Dorsal root lesions lead to:
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-Hyposthesia
-Anesthesia |
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Ventral root lesions lead to:
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-Complete flaccid paralysis
-Atrophy of muscles -Autonomic dysphunction |
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What does a spinal cord transection result in?
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Sensory, motor, or mixed deficits.
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Where is substantia gelatinosa?
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In Rexed laminae 2 and 3 - consists of golgi type II neurons and some larger nerve cells
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