6. Micro Metab 1

Front 1

diff b/w cofactor and coenzyme

Back 1

cofactor=ions; coenzyme=organic molec like NAD+, deriv. of vitamins.

Front 2

vitamin involved with metabolism of pyruvic acid

Back 2

B1 thiamine [1 pyre to cremate theman]

Front 3

Coenzyme in flavoproteins, active in electron transfers

Back 3

B2 riboflavin [Marty McFly and Doc were a team of 2, used electrons to go into the future]

Front 4

coenzyme involved in electron transfers other than b2

Back 4

niacin (nicotinic acid); part of NAD+

Front 5

coenzyme in AA metabolism

Back 5

B6 pyridoxine [AA mtg on a pyramid floating on a hexagonal dock]

Front 6

COENZYME INVOLVED IN TRANSFER OF METHYL GROUPS

Back 6

B12 cyanocobalamin**

Front 7

antioxidant needed for macromolecular syntheses

Back 7

Vitamin E [E needs vit E to build up his macro arms]

Front 8

part of coenzyme A, involved in pyruvic acid and lipid metab

Back 8

pantothenic acid

Front 9

involved in CO2 fixation reactions and FA synthesis

Back 9

biotin** [fatties drive Saturn cars that emit CO2 and are made of tin]

Front 10

coenzyme used in synth of big pur ag and pyrimidines

Back 10

folic acid [aluminum foil rolled up into a DNA double helix]

Front 11

coezyme used in electron TRANSPORT (napthoquinones, quinones)

Back 11

Vitamin K [kuinones]

Front 12

blood clotting vitamin

Back 12

Vitamin K

Front 13

4 factors that affect enzyme activity

Back 13

pH, inhibitors, temp, substrate conc.[PITS]

Front 14

2 categorizations of enzymes

Back 14

based on their chemical reaction, based on their targets

Front 15

how does the NAD+ coenzyme work?

Back 15

2 pairs of H+/e- leave the organic molecule and jump onto the NAD+. 1H+ leaves, and you're left with NADH + H+. So, NAD+ got reduced and the organic molecule is oxidized

Front 16

2 mech for ATP production

Back 16

substrate-level phosphorylation; ox. phos

Front 17

fermentation = substarte level or ox phosh

Back 17

substrate level duh

Front 18

diff b/w substrate level and ox phos

Back 18

ox phos uses the ETC, redox reactions, and inorganic phosphate

Front 19

3 imp. electron carriers

Back 19

FMN, FAD, NAD+

Front 20

define - movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient

Back 20

chemiosmosis (proton motive force)

Front 21

in chemiosmosis, what is electron flow coupled with

Back 21

H+ efflux via proton pumps - so you **** H+ out and end up with ATP on the inside

Front 22

mechanism of energy generation via proton motive force

Back 22

ETC includes proton pumps so as e- move, H+ get pumped outside the membrane. This creates a electrochemical gradient and the H+ wants to come back inside. It does so via ATP synthase, which uses the entering H+ to spin the motor and force ADP to hit on Pi and they join and make good old ATP

Front 23

in glycolysis, what does glucose get turned into? what are the 2 options for this molecule and why?

Back 23

glucose --> pyruvic acid. 1) NO O2: Pyruvic acid --> lactic acid; 2) O2: Pyruvic acid --> ACoA --> enter Krebs --> NAD/FAD ETC atp

Front 24

very generic end products of fermentation

Back 24

acid and gas

Front 25

dx use of Cyt C oxidase

Back 25

add substrate that bacteria culture sample and if it changes color when oxidized, then you know it uses the ETC and ox. phos

Front 26

2 bacteria that have Cyt C oxidase

Back 26

Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria [NaP]

Front 27

what does yellow/orange in a Durham tube mean

Back 27

acid

Front 28

3 imp sugars used in clinical microbio

Back 28

glucose, lactose, mannitol

Front 29

sugar used to screen for staph. aureus

Back 29

mannitol

Front 30

TF Many intestinal pathogens are lactose positive

Back 30

FALSE - many intestinal pathogens are lactose NEGATIVE

Front 31

what do we use glucose for in clinical micro

Back 31

test for fermentation ability

Front 32

Name an important nonfermenter

Back 32

psuedomonas aeruginosa

Front 33

type of bac that play a major role as opportunistic pathogens in hospital setting

Back 33

nonfermenters

Front 34

TF All products of the Krebs cycle come from glucose

Back 34

false - lipids like glycerol, FA and AAs both can be made into intermediates before and ACoA itself

Front 35

TF All products of the Krebs cycle come from ACoA

Back 35

TRUE

Front 36

pH range to be considered an acidophile

Back 36

pH 1-2

Front 37

4 elements key for bac

Back 37

SouP CaN [SPCN]

Front 38

3 trace elements key for bac

Back 38

iron, copper, zinc

Front 39

psychrophiles optimum temp

Back 39

-10 to 20

Front 40

psychrotrophs optimum temp

Back 40

0 to 30

Front 41

mesophiles optimum temp

Back 41

10 to 50

Front 42

thermophiles optimum temp

Back 42

40 to 70

Front 43

hyperthermophiles optimum temp

Back 43

65 to 110

Front 44

only type of organism that can grow above 95degC

Back 44

archaea

Front 45

name a pathogen that can multiply in the fridge

Back 45

Listeria monocytogenes [listerine on top of the fridge]

Front 46

danger zone for rapid bac growth

Back 46

15-50 deg c

Front 47

catalase + or - : staphylococi

Back 47

catalase POSITIVE

Front 48

catalase + or - : streptococi

Back 48

catalase NEGATIVE