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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are 2 features common in most DNA viruses?
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double stranded genome (except paroviruses), icosahedral nucleocaspid (except poxvirus)
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What part of the body does adenovirus affect?
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respiratory-->infection and atypical pneumonia
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What does Herpes Simplex Virus effect (HSV-1 and HSV-2)?
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HSV-1: oral HSV-2 genital
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What are the common dzs from HHV 6 and HHV 8?
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HHV 6-roseola (6th dz), HHV 8-Kaposi Sarcoma
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What are the common respiratory infections?
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influenza (RNA), parainfluenza (RNA), R-hinovirus (RNA), a-D-enovirus (DNA)
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What causes croop?
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Parafinfluenza
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What are the transmitters and reservoirs of arbo viruses?
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Transmitted-insects ("ARthropod BOrne), reservoir-birds and small mammals
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What are the 5 arbo viruses (arthropod borne)?
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alphavirus, flavivirus, bunyavirus, hantavirus, orbivirus
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tranmission--MOSQUITOES-->alphavirus, flavivirus, bunyavirus. DEER MICE-->hantavirus TICK-->orbivirus
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What does JC virus normally cause? HINT: affects CNS
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progressive multifocal leukoencephalopahty
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What are 4 prion diseases?
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Kuru, Creutzfeldt Jacob, Scrapie, BSE (mad cow dz)
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What are 2 retroviruses?
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HTLV-1-->adult T cell leukemia, HIV-1 and HIV-2-->AIDS
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HIV is a lentivirus (slow), whereas HTLV-1 is a oncovirus (tumor)
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What do the 3 major genes of HIV encode for?
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ENV: gp41 (cell fusion), gp120 (CD4) POL: reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease TAT: "enabler" regulatory protein , transcription, suppresses synthesis of class MHC proteins
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What are some examples of molds?
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aspergillus "farmer's lung"
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What are some examples of dimorphic fungi?
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histoplasma (pulmonary infection), blastomyces (respiratory tract infection), coccidioides (desert rheumatism)
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What are some examples of yeast?
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candida (thrush, vaginitis), cryptococcus (pneumonia, meningitis)
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What are 2 asexual yeasts?
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blasto-conidia ("buds) & pseudohyphae
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Where is histoplasmosis found?
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humid soil (Mississippi River)
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What are the S/S of histoplasmosis?
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asymptomatic (most infxn), progressive pulmonary dz resembles TB
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What is the trmt for histoplasmosis and blastomyosis?
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amphotecerin B or ketoconazole
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Where is coccidioidomycosis found?
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Southwest-->Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico
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What are the S/S of coccidioidomycosis?
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"valley fever": fever, cough, arthralgia
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What are the S/S of aspergillosis?
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allergy, exacerbates asthma, pulmonary dz (immunocompromised), fungus ball w/in cavity (xray)
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What is the cell cycle of Plasmodium (parasite of malaria)?
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sporozoite (sexual)-->merozite (liver, latent form)-->trophozoite (RBC)-->schizont (asexual)-->RBC release gametocytes
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Which types of Plasmodium have latent liver forms?
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Vivax and ovale
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What type of Plasmodium is most severe and life threatening?
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Falciparum
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What is the cause and treatment of Toxoplasma Gondi?
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Cause: cat feces, Trmnt: sulfonamide (1st trimester), sulfonamide-pyrimethamine (all others)
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What causes Kala-Azar?
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L donovani
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Kala azar = black sickness
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What are 3 intestinal protozoa that cause diarrhea?
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entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, cryptosporidium
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What transmits Chagas Dz?
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T cruzi (ie kissing bug)
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What transmits sleeping sickness?
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Tsetse fly
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What symptoms does trichomonas cause?
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Men: asymptomatic or non-purulent urthretis, Women: foul smelling, watery, green discharge (sexually transmitted dz)
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What are the 3 routes of infection for Schistomas?
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Sch mansoni-->colon, Sch japonicum-->small intestine, Sch hematobium--> bladder
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What is the route of infection for clonorchis sinensis?
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eating raw fish. affects liver
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What is the route of infection for paragonimus?
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eating raw crab meat. affects lung
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What is the source of the following tape worms T solium, T saginata, D latum?
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T sol-ium-->pork and human feces, T sag-inata-->, D. lat-um-->raw fish, Echinococcus-->dog feces
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What are the components of tapeworm?
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proglottids, head-->suckers & hooks. End-->eggs are released
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Which nematodes causes perianal pruritis?
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Enterobius
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Where is trichinella found in?
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pork meat
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What cell reactions occur in the cytosol?
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glycolysis, HMP shunt, protein synthesis, fatty acid synthesis, part of urea cycle, part of gluconeogenesis, heme synthesis
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What key biochemical reactions occur in the liver?
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Gluconeogenesis
Synthesis: fatty acid, amino acid, urea, cholesterol |
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What does a high Km suggest?
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low affinity
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Where does trypsin cleave?
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after arginine or lysine
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Where does chemotrypsin cleave?
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phe, tyr, trp or leu
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What is GABA made from?
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glutamate
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What is dopamine made from?
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tyrosine
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