• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/116

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

116 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what are the three type of prosthetic components
1) body powered
2) external powered
3) passive
how does a body powered prosthetic work
body power and excursion operate and control the terminal device
- own use of muscles is only thing working prosthetic
how does external powered work
need battery to run but can be driven by internal commands
- EMG of remaining residual limb
what is the purpose of the poassive prosthetic
cosmetic only
EMG powered control of an UE prosthetic is what type of power
external power
which type of power means NO MOTORS
body powered
what are the two types of terminal hooks
1) voluntary opening
2) voluntary closing
what is the difference between a voluntary opening and a voluntary closing hook
voluntary opening = rubberbands determine pinch force and you work to open it.... voluntary closing = usually open, your force determines how tight it pinches
most prehensors are voluntary _____ providing what functional purpose
voluntary closing, providing trension feedback that can be used to control grip
what are the two types of power for a prehensor
battery powered and myoelectric
Most hands are for _____ rather than _____
cosmesis rather than function
the hybrid is usually a choice becuase it ______ despite it being _______ compared to the hooks or prehensors
hybrid loos more human, but less functional than hooks or prehensors
hybrids are voluntary _____
voluntary closing
what is the biggest complaint about UE prosthesis
lack of sensation
what is the most common pattern for a hand
3 jaw chuck prehension pattern
what is very important for a below elbow prosthesis
full elbow ROM important
what will determine whether or not a person will have pronation/supination
if >50% of forearm preserved they will have pronation/supination
what are the components to a below elbow prosthesis
- single control cable
- terminal device
- triceps cuff (anchor)
- wrist unit
- suspension (figure 8)
how is a below elbow prosthesis operated
humeral flexion and scapular abduction combine to open and close the hand
what are the components of an above the elbow prosthesis
- dual control system using elbow flexion and terminal device operation
- elbow locking cable
- split cable housing
what makes up the dual control system for the above elbow prosthesis
- elbow flexion
- termial device operation
what is the method for donning UE prosthesis
"coat method"
what is a lis france amputation
amputation for the tarsometatarsal joints
what is a Symes amputation
amputation of the foot- maintaining the distal tib/fib
what type of prosthesis would be used for a lisfranc amputee
toe prosthesis with a spiral orthosis
what type of prosthesis would be used for a symes amputee
one that is open in the back by the calf in order to allow the bulbous end to pass through... the suspension is then paced over the calf cover on the prosthetic and strapping it on
what is SACH
solid ankle cushion heel
wha tare the components of a SACH
- heel wedge
- wooden keel
- toe belting

- NO moving parts
what would a SACH be used for
good shock absorption at heel strike (from heel wedge)
What is a SAFE
Stationary Attachment Flexible Endoskeleton
what are the components of a SAFE
- rigid bolt block
- flexible keel
- plantarfascia bend
- long plantar ligament band
what would a single axis be used for
- good for more active people
- limited ankle PF and DF increases knee stability
what are the nonarticulated types of feet
SACH
SAFE
what are the articulated types of feet
single axis
multi-axis
what are the components of a single axis foot
woden body, toe apron and sole, ankle bolt, plantar flexion bumper
how does a single axis foot function
- limited ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion increases knee stability when the person walks
what does a bumper do
for an articulating foot
- controls amount of DF/PF
why would a patient get a multi axis foot? why not?
- because would give them more control
- not= has parts that can break down
what would be the most likely foot to be used post op for a temporary prosthesis
SACH
what is a flex foot-chetah
- looks like metal "L"
- carbon fiber in feet that loads and absorbs all the energy
what would be an energy storing foot
- seattle foot
- college park foot
what is a seattle foot
- nonarticulating
- keel: C shaped, meant to DF
- belting: control relative toe extension
what is a college park foot
- dynamic response keel combines with a multiaxial ankle
- DF and PF bumpers
what is a socket
attaches residual limb to prosthesis (custom made)
what is the function of a liner on a residual limb
- reduces friction between skin and socket
- may provide some padding
what is the function of a sock
- fills space in the socket
- padding
- moisture absorption
- accomodate changes in limb volume
what is Ply
the thickness of the sock
what does the # for ply indicate about the socket
if >15 its time for a new socket
what is the function of a sheath
thin sock coated with silicone meant to reduce friction/chaffing
what are the KEY components to a PTB socket
PTB= patellar tendon bearing
1) relief for hamstrings post.
2) medial tibial flare
3) patellar bar
4) relief area for femoral head
what is the purpose of the patellar bar
providesa place that when you apply force to bear weight, patellar tendon will be loaded
what is important about the posterior aspect of a PTB socket
cleared away, flared out for hamstrings to allow the person to sit down
what is a PTB-SC
patellar tendon bearing- supracondylar
what are the characteristics of a PTB- SC
- higher medially and laterally
- cut away for hamstrings still present
- indentation above femoral condyles for attaching the prosthesis to residual limb
what is PTB-SC-SP
patellar tendon bearing - supracondylar- suprapatellar
what are the characteristics of a PTB-SC-SP
- enclosed patella
- patellar indentation
- quad indentation
- femoral condylar indentations
why would a pt. opt for a PTB-SC-SP
- allows the patient to sit and keep the prosthesis attached well enough for normal activities (but sitting is harder)
who is a PTB-SC-SP appropriate for
short tibial residual limbs
what is a supracondylar cuff
a strap anchored to the supracondylar socket that then attaches to a waist belt to help keep attached
where is a supracondylar cuff most commonly seen
someone's temporary prosthesis
what must someone have in order to use an elastic sleeve
need UE dexterity and strength
what is the biggest problem with an elastic sleeve
heat and sweat
whats the benefit to a gel and pin suspension
dens in the front, less in the back to allow the person to sit more comfortably
what is hte "3-s"
silicone sleeve suspension (Gel and Pin)
what is osseointegration
attaching a screw to the bone and then attaching prosthesis to harware
- PURELY RESEARCH BASED STILL
what are the concerns with osseointegration
- surgicical
- chance of rejection/infection
- beating up bone
what are the benefits to osseointegration
- pernament prosthesis
- doesnt rely on skin for adherence
what are the options for a shank
shank = covering

endoskeleton vs. exoskeleton
what are the benefits to an endoskeleton
- lighter weight
- can make shock absorbing
- adjustable
what are the benefits to an exoskeleton
- shape and strength of prosthesis from outer shell
- 1st time prescription
what is the shank chosen for most prosthesis
endoskeleton
what does a knee disarticulation prosthesis look like
- socket: removable window or elastic to allow femoral condyles through
- 4 bar knee joint with multiple pivots and bars
what is common for the foot/ankle for a AKA
at least a single axix foot
what type of suspension can be used for a AKA
- pelvic band
- pelvic straps/belts
- suction
what are the benefits of using suction for the suspension
- allows excellent contact with socket
- spreads force to all tissue of the area
what are the two types of sockets for AKA (which more common)
quad or ischial containment

ischial = more common
what are the characteristics of a quad socket for AKA
- shaped like a square
- indentation/bulge anteriorly
- high lateral wall
- ischial tub shelf
- posterior relief for sciatic n.
- short medial wall
what is Scarpa's bulge
indentation/anterior bulge in a quad suspension that helps with suspension and allows weight bearing
what is the purpose of the high anterior wall away from scarpas bulge
prevents slippage and applies posterior directed force to hold things on
what is the purpose of the high lateral wall in a quad socket
exerts medially directed force
what is the purpose of the shelf on a quad
for ischial tuberosity, weight bearing when sitting
what is the posterior relief in a quad for
for sciatic nerve
what are the characteristics of the ischial containment that are DIFFERENT from a quad
- high laterally capturing almost all of the G. trochanter
- larger A-P
- cups ischial tube (quad just has a shelf whereas this one holds the ischial tub gently)
what is the difference between a Silesian and a TES
both are pelvic straps but
- Silesian doesnt stretch (rigid plastic)
- TES is neoprene, spandex with silicone
what is a sabolich
it a socket for a AKA with a flexible socket and a rigid frame
what are the two types of Swing control in knees for AKA prosthetics
1) constant friction knee
2) fluid controlled knee
what is a constant friction knee
- has constant resistance to extension (adjustable)
- cannot reach full extension because too much friction
- must be adjusted based on gait speed
using a constant friction knee.... the setting slow is for ______ whereas fast is for ______
- slow is for more free swinging
- fast is for a stiffer swing
what is a fluid controlled knee
acts more like a eccentric hamstrings allowing the knee to extend just until those last few degrees
what are the two types of stance control in knees for AKA prosthetics
- manual lock
- friction brake
why would a manual lock be appropriate for a knee in an AKA prosthetic
- for residual limb weakness
what is a friction brake
locks into position when weight added on to it
--> if in 25 degrees of flexion or less and put weight on it, it will lock until take weight off
what is the problem with a friction brake
walking slow and don't impart enough momentum onto shank, it doesnt straighten out enough (25 deg) and wont lock --> falls
what is the necessary angle of knee flexion for a friction brake to lock
25 degrees flexion or less
what is important in order for someone to be appropriate for a friction knee
must have enough residual limb strength to impart enough momentum to straighten out the shank
what components can be adjusted on a friction knee
1) friction of the knee joint- to allow it to swing enough to be straight when going to WB
2) position in which the limb locks
how does a polycentric 4-bar knee work
- doesn't lock, but as you WB the AoR shifts around depending on the point of WB
what is the purpose of a polycentric 4-bar knee
acts to keep GRF anterior to knee joint so that it will remain in extension
when is the only time that the GRF is posterior to the knee with a polycentric 4-bar knee
when you get to toe break (relative to MTP extension)
who is the polycentric 4-bar knee appropriate for
someone with little or no UE control
how do you adjust the amount of friction with a 4-bar knee
self-adjustable... faster walking increases amount of friction
what is a C-leg
computerized knee-shin system for transfemoral amputees
what is the purpose of a C-leg
- allow variable cadence, "riding" the leg down stairs, with stumbles, adjusts to uneven terrain
how is a C-leg controlled
- hydralically
- faster = stiffer, slower= freer
what is a requirement of the foot for a C-leg
need at least a single axis foot
what are the shock absorbing shanks
- soft step shock absorbing pylon
how do the shock absorbing shanks work
absorb shock by the bumber moving about 1/2 inch or so (able to adjust stiffness)
what type of foot would be with a soft step shock absorbing pylon
SACH (solid ankle cushioned heel)
what are the characteristics of a hip disarticulation prosthesis
- socket: around entire waist (like pair of pants)
- knee and foot: need additional articulation because the hip joint far anterior
where is GRF in a hip disarticulation prosthesis
- posterior to hip joint (maintaining extension)
- anterior to knee joint
what is a "stubbie"
shortened prostheses for bilateral AKas
what are the characteristics of a stubbie
- regular socket
- no knee or shank
- modified rocker bottoms
what is the purpose of a stubbie
- lowers CoG and no articulations so easy to use
- allows erect balance and relatively quick ambulation with only modified levels of energy expenditure
why are the rocker bottoms of a stubbie turned backward
to keep from calling backword
what is considered a good candidate for a BK prosthetic
1) no contractures
2) good scar mobility
3) well shaped residual limb
4) pre-ambulatory
what are the contraindications to a prosthetic
1) severe dementia
2) severe depression
3) advanced cardiopulmonary disease
4) bilateral amputee who is unable to transfer independently and put on underwear independently (because can't weight shift)