55Oral Cavity Part2

Front 1

Genioglossus:

Back 1

Origin – superior part of mental spine of mandible
Insertion – dorsum of tongue and hyoid bone (body)
Innervation – hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Action – depresses tongue, posterior part protrudes tongue

Front 2

Hyoglossus

Back 2

Origin – body and greater horn of hyoid bone
Insertion – side and inferior aspect of tongue
Innervation – hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Action -depresses and retracts tongue

Front 3

Styloglossus

Back 3

Origin – Styloid process and stylohyoid ligament
Insertion – side and inferior aspect of tongue
Innervation – hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Action – retracts tongue and draws it up during swallowing to form a trough.

Front 4

Palatoglossus

Back 4

Origin – Palatine aponeurosis of soft palate
Insertion – side of tongue
Innervation – Cranial nerve X.
Action – elevates posterior tongue

Front 5

Hypoglossal Nerve Injury:

Because of the actions of the genioglossus muscle, an injury to the hypoglossal nerve causes the protruded tongue to point ___

Back 5

toward the side of the nerve damage

Front 6

Tensor veli palatini

Back 6

Origin – medial pterygoid plate, spine of sphenoid bone, cartilage of tympanic tube
Insertion – palatine aponeurosis
*Innervation – V3
Action – tenses soft palate, opens tympanic tube during swallowing and yawning

Front 7

Levator veli palatini

Back 7

Origin – cartilage of tympanic tube and petrous part of temporal bone
Insertion – palatine aponeurosis
Innervation – cranial nerve X
Action – elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning

Front 8

Palatopharyngeus

Back 8

Origin – hard palate and palatine aponeurosis
Insertion – lateral wall of pharynx
Innervation – cranial nerve X.
Action – Tenses soft palate and pull wall of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly and medially during swallowing.

Front 9

Uvular

Back 9

Origin – posterior nasal spine and palatine aponeurosis
Insertion – mucosa of uvula
Innervation – cranial nerve X
Action – shortens uvula and pulls it superiorly.

Front 10

Deviation of Uvula:

When there is an injury to cranial nerve X, on examination of the oral cavity, the uvula will deviate to ___.
Also, the ___ muscle will not contract on the affected side.

Back 10

-the opposite side
-palatoglossus
s. 29

Front 11

Mylohyoid muscle

Back 11

Origin – mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion – raphe and body of hyoid bone
Innervation – mylohyoid nerve, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve (V3)
Action – elevates floor of mouth during swallowing and speech

Front 12

Geniohyoid muscle

Back 12

Origin – inferior mental spine of mandible
Insertion – body of hyoid bone
Innervation – C1 via hypoglossal nerve
Action - draws hyoid anteriorly and superiorly during swallowing

Front 13

Anterior belly of digastric muscle

Back 13

Origin – digastric fossa of mandible
Insertion – intermediate tendon to greater horn of hyoid bone.
Innervation – nerve to mylohyoid (V3)
Action – depresses mandible, raises and stabilizes hyoid bone

Front 14

Mumps:
Mumps virus is a ___
___ is only reservoir
In USA, still substantial numbers of unvaccinated children
Characterized by ___ swelling
Can cause ___

Back 14

-single stranded RNA virus
-Human
-parotid gland
-meningitis and epididymo-orchitis --> [infertile]

Front 15

Inflamed pharyngeal tonsil is called ___

Back 15

adenoid