Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Guinea pigs are ___________ fermenters. |
Hindgut |
|
|
What dietary need is unique to guinea pigs among the rodents? |
Require dietary Vitamin C |
|
|
Describe the occurrence of mammary adenocarcinoma in guinea pigs. |
Occurs more often in male than in female. |
|
|
Why is it better if guinea pigs are bred early in life (rather than later)? |
Sows have a fibrocartilaginous pubic symphysis that separates in the latter half of gestation. After 8-10 months of age, the symphysis separates less easily, potentially resulting in dystocia. |
|
|
What urinary tract issue is common in middle-aged and older guinea pigs? |
Urinary calculi |
|
|
Describe the etiology of urinary calculi in the guinea pig. |
Typically forms around a nidus of bacteria. Can be composed of calcium oxalate or carbonate crystals. Affected pigs often fed a diet too high in protein and low in fiber. |
|
|
If there's a stone in the urethra of a male guinea pig, how could you potentially get it out? |
Can potentially "milk" it out (ew) with sedation, pain control, and manual manipulation. |
|
|
How do you diagnose urolithiasis? |
Radiographs Do blood chemistry to evaluate renal function Ultrasound/CT can aid in confirmation of location and assessment of anatomical changes/renal system. |
|
|
What lice species commonly affect guinea pigs? |
Gliricola porcelli Gyropus ovalis |
|
|
What species of mite commonly infests guinea pigs? |
Trixacarus caviae |
|
|
Describe clinical signs seen with a progressing mite infestation in a guinea pig. |
Intensely pruritic May vocalize with handling Marked hair loss Self-inflicted excoriations on body (from scratching) Severe cases may seizure with handling :( |
|
|
How do you diagnose Trixacarus caviae? |
Skin scrape Really bad cases may need sedation |
|
|
What kind of integument infection is common in younger or immunosuppressed guinea pigs? |
Dermatophyte - Trichophyton mentagrophytes |
|
|
Where do pigs typically get a dermatophyte infection? |
Bridge of nose Dorsum of feet By the ears |
|
|
How do you diagnose Trichophyton mentagrophytes? |
Fungal culture (doesn't fluoresce) |
|
|
What's the treatment of choice for Trichophyton mentagrophytes? |
Itraconazole orally |
|
|
What causes the cervical lymphadenopathy syndrome in cavies? |
Streptococcus zooepidemicus |
|
|
How does S. zooepidemicus invade a guinea pig's system? |
Normal flora of the naso-oropharynx. Lesions caused by teeth, food, or wounds allow the bacteria access to deeper tissues and cervical lymph nodes, resulting in abscessation. |
|
|
How do you diagnose S. zooepidemicus/cervical lymphadenopathy? |
Physical exam (large swellings in neck region) FNA of mass Gram stain and culture with sensitivity |
|
|
What's the most common guinea pig neoplasia? |
Trichofolliculoma |
|
|
Describe the clinical signs and diagnosis of trichofolliculoma. |
Signs: firm, round, subcutaneous mass that doesn't bother the animal. May ulcerate with a malodorous, granular, grey material. May be secondarily infected. Diagnosis: FNA, cytology |
|
|
What are some characteristics of hamsters? |
Flank glands over hips Open inguinal rings Distensible cheek pouches Open root incisors but closed root molars |
|
|
Clinical signs mimicking what disease are common in hamsters? |
Adrenal disease (Cushing's in particular) Symmetrical alopecia, hyperpigmentation, lichenification |
|
|
What is the most common neoplasia in hamsters? |
Lymphoma |
|
|
What are the three variations of lymphoma in hamsters? |
Hematopoietic (older, multicentric) Epitheliotropic (adults) Epizootic (young) |
|
|
What causes epizootic lymphoma? Describe the disease. |
Polyomavirus Young hamsters will present with abdominal masses. |
|
|
In hamsters, demodecosis is usually secondary to ____________ and can cause _________ and ________. |
In hamsters, demodecosis is usually secondary to immunosuppression and can cause alopecia and pruritis. |
|
|
What is the treatment goal for demodecosis in hamsters? |
Control mites Make the hamster comfortable Look for underlying disease! |
|
|
What is the most significant intestinal disease in 3-10 week old hamsters? |
Proliferative ileitis Has a high mortality rate |
|
|
What causes proliferative ileitis in hamsters? |
Lawsonia intracellularis |
|
|
How do you diagnose proliferative ileitis in hamsters? |
Clinical signs Gram stains/cultures (rule out other stuff) Often confirmed on necropsy |
|
|
How do you treat proliferative ileitis in hamsters? |
Correct electrolytes (fluids, oral electrolyte/glucose solution) Antibiotics: Enrofloxacin (avoid injectable), TMPS, tetracycline |
|
|
What are four potential sequelae of wet tail in hamsters? |
Intussusception Obstruction Decreased nutritional absorption Rectal prolapse |
