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6 Cards in this Set
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Corneal foreign bodies which is incorrect
1. retained organic material may lead to infection 2. rust rings can produce persistent inflammation and corneal epithelial defect and require immediate removal 3. after FB removal homatropine 2% or 5% may provide symptomatic relief 4. daily visual acuity and slit lamp review should occur until defect is healed; if >3 days refer to ophthalmology 5. opacity beneath a surface defect may be indicative of an abscess 6. contact lenses should not be worn until defect fully healed and eye feels normal for >1/52 |
2. rust rings may be removed on a delayed basis e.g. the following day in ED or by Ophthalmology
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Which of the following are acids? Which are alkalis? Which is more harmful? Which examination finding assists in assessing the severity of chemical burns?
Car battery Lime Drain and oven cleaner Pool cleaner Concrete Ammonia Toilet cleaner Mortar and plaster |
ACID Car battery, Pool cleaner, Toilet cleaner
ALKALI = MORE HARMFUL Lime, Drain and oven cleaner, Concrete, Ammonia Mortar and plaster Degree of vascular blanching particularly at the limbus |
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Treatment of chemical burn includes (which is INCORRECT)
1. copious irrigation with any neutral fluid for at least 10 minutes 2. irrigation until pH normalises around 7.5, checking every 1L of fluid 3. removal of any foreign body if immediately evident 4. pH measurement after stopping irrigation for 1 minute via samplying forniceal space |
1. INCORRECT at least 30 minutes
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Regarding flashburns
1. symptoms include intense pain, blepharospasm and dry eye 2. symptoms occur typically within hours 3. treatment may include oral analgesia, topical antibiotic and cycloplegic (e.g. homatropine) for 3/7 4. slit lamp findings are widespread superifical epithelial defects staining with fluroscein, often bilateral |
1 INCORRECT - tearing
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What is a white eye blow out fracture and what is its significance?
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The WEBOF is seen in young patients with little or no clinical evidence of soft tissue trauma (edema, ecchymosis), unlike the classic blowout fracture in adults. There is diplopia with restriction of vertical gaze, lack of enophthalmos and radiologic signs of minimal, if any, bone displacement (due to the softer paediatric bones). There may or may not be signs of orbital tissue herniation into the maxillary sinus on imaging (1).
Unlike more classic blowout fractures these may benefit from surgery within hours to days, as the smaller orbital floor fractures when present are more likely to incarcerate orbital tissue. This may lead to compartment syndrome around the muscle, setting up an ischemic environment, which can cause muscular fibrosis (9). The longer the herniated tissue stays within the fracture, the greater the risk of damage to the tissue and subsequent residual motility deficits and diplopia. |
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