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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the indication of Aprepitant
What receptor does it act on? |
reduces nausea/emesis
NK1 |
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What receptors do the following drugs act on to control nausea and vomiting:
1. compazine 2. dronabinol 3. benzodiazepines 4. ondansetron |
1. compazine: DA receptor
2. dronabinol: Cannabinoid receptor 3. benzodiazepines: GABAa 4. ondansetron: 5HT3 |
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What does an increased or decreased FEV1/FVC mean?
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increased: interstitial
decreased: obstructive |
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What condition is "apple-green birefringence" indicative of?
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amyloidosis.
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Describe the statuses of LH and testosterone in a XY patient with a defective androgen receptor?
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both are elevated: testes creating testosterone, and no feedback due to receptor defect in pituitary
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What gastroenteritis causing pathogens are synonymous with the following foods:
1. poultry 2. smoked fish 3. rice 4. dented cans 5. reheated meat 6. poorly washed greens 7. mayonnaise 8. seafood/shellfish |
1. poultry: c. jejuni
2. smoked fish: c. botulinum 3. rice: bacillus cereus 4. dented cans: c. botulinum 5. reheated meat: c. perfringens 6. poorly washed greens: shig, salm, e.coli 7. mayonnaise: s. aureus 8. seafood: vibrio |
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How to treat CAP s. pneumo?
Does histoplasmosis have a capsule? |
CAP: azithromycin
no capsule (despite the name) |
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Describe the acute and later stages of an aspirin overdose?
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acute: respiratory alkalosis
later: compensatory metabolic acidosis |
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What is androgen insensitivity syndrome?
Which of the food-borne gasteroenteritis pathogens start/end immediately and why do they do this? |
patient with 46, XY and an androgen receptor defect causes external female traits with male gonads.
pre-formed toxins: 1. s. aureus 2. b. cereus |
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What organism forms shiga toxin?
What organism forms shiga-like toxin? |
shiga-toxin: Shigella
shiga-like toxin: EHEC |
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What cardiovascular defects are associated with Down's syndrome?
What is associated with the following: 1. IL-1 2. IL-2 3. IL-3 4. IL-4 5. IL-5 |
ostium primum defects
HOT TBone stEAk 1. IL-1: fever 2. IL-2: T(h) cells 3. IL-3: Bone marrow 4. IL-4: IgE 5. IL-5: IgA |
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1. Following MI, at what time period are necrotic changes seen histologically?
2. During what stage of bacterial cell growth are penicillin's most effective? |
1. after 4 hrs.
2. most effective during the log |
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1. What is PKU?
2. In addition to the antibodies that attack the thyroid in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, what type of antibodies are diagnostic for this condition |
buildup of phenylalanine (a teratogen) d/t mutation in enzymes that convert it to tyrosine
2. anti-microsomal |
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1. How is PKU treated?
2. Which is more commonly caused by UV exposure: basal cell or squamos cell skin carcinoma? |
1. ↑tyrosine, ↓phenylalanine
2. squamos cell is more common |
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1. Describe the "constant" part of the female menstrual cycle?
2. Where does Paragonimus Westermani cause disease? |
1. 14 days from ovulation to menses (start of next cycle)
2. The lung |
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What virus causes Croup?
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paramyxovirus
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1. What skin lesion is associated with a pearly papule or pearly rolled border?
2. What are the only three major thoracic/abdominal organs that don't arise from the endoderm? |
1. basal cell carcinoma
2. heart, spleen, kidneys (mesoderm) |
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1. What are HbA1C levels dependent on?
2. Patients with frequent blood transfusion are at risk for what? |
1. RBC stability (increased or decreased turnover)
2. Fe+2 deposition |
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1. What is the only anti-depressant approved for treatment of bulemia nervosa?
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1. Fluoxetine
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1. What anti-depressant is contraindicated for the treatment of bulimia nervosa and why?
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1. Bupriprion-may cause seizures
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1. What is Megestrol used for?
2. What is the genetic finding associated w IDDM? 3. Which chemical is actually responsible for increasing Ca+2 absorption in the intestine, PTH or VitD? |
1. increases appetite
2. HLA-DR3/4 3. VitD |
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1. Compare the products of medullary thyroid cells versus follicular thyroid cells?
2. Which is better, high homocysteine or low homocysteine? |
1. medullary: calcitonin; follicular: T3/T4
2. LOW homocysteine (high is correlated with arteriosclerosis) |
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1. There are two sets of optic radiations. What portion of the visual field does each control?
2. What is the only abnormal laboratory value seen in Paget's disease of the bone? |
1. parietal: lower; temporal: upper
2. elevated ALP |
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1. Which antibiotics block translocation during protein synthesis?
2. What type of shock is most often related to DIC? |
1. macrolides
2. septic |
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1. Which antibiotics prevent the addition of a peptide to a growing chain in protein synthesis?
2. At what week would one see pre-eclampsia and what should you suspect if you see it earlier? |
1. Chloramphenicol
2. 20wks; if early: mole |
