504 Exam 3 Renal Drugs

Front 1

504 EXAM 3 RENAL DRUGS

Back 1

504 EXAM 3 RENAL DRUGS

Front 2

Primary and secondary uses of diuretics:

Back 2

Primary:

1. diuresis of expanded volume conditions (heart failure, cirrhosis, nephritic syndromes).

2. Anti-Hyptensive

Secondary:

Glaucoma, acute mountain sickness, metabolic alkalosis, poison detox, reducing extracellular vol.

Front 3

What determines GFR?

Back 3

Intraglomerular hydrostatic pressure

Front 4

ACETAZOLAMIDE's effect on proximal tubule

Back 4

1. impairs bicarb reabsorption causing metabolic acidosis.

Front 5

Use of ACETAZOLAMIDE

Back 5

Prevents/treats high altitude sickness

Treats glaucoma

Front 6

Organic acid and base secretion occurs where in the nephrone?

Back 6

Proximal tubule

Important mechanisms in drug and metabolites elimination.

Front 7

Descending loop of henle is only permeable to:

Back 7

Water

Impermeable to filtrate solutes

Front 8

What is the most significant site of action for MANNITOL in the nephron?

Back 8

Descending loop of henle

Front 9

What is MANNITOL and its function?

Back 9

Osmotic diuretic

Function: reduces osmotic gradient between interstitium and filtrate, reducing driving forces of water reabsorption.

Front 10

Uses of osmotic diuretics?

Back 10

Reduces ECF vol. to reduce swelling (head trauma) or to increase renal blood flow (acute renal failure).

Front 11

Ascending loop of henle is enriched with what type of transporters?

Back 11

NaKCl co-transporter

Electroneutral: two Cl ions are taken up per Na/K pair.

Front 12

The potential differential across the cell layer of the Ascending loop provides what function?

Back 12

The driving force for Ca and Mg reabsorption via paracellular mechanisms.

Front 13

Main use of FUROSEMIDE (LASIX) is?

Back 13

For rapid diuresis of vol. expanded states.

Inhibits NaKCL(2) co transporters.

Front 14

What symporter activity does the distal tubule express?

Back 14

Na/Cl

Front 15

Which drug inhibits the Na/Cl symporter?

Back 15

Thiazide diuretics

Front 16

What is the main use of THIAZIDE?

Back 16

Anti-hypertensive

Front 17

TRIAMTERENE and AMILORIDE

Back 17

Inhibit Na channels

Are K+ sparing diuretics

Used to reduce potassium wasting.

Treat heart failures too.

Front 18

The effect of diuretics on Na and K movement:

Back 18

Increased Na load delivered to CD leads to greater K+ secretion from cells in the CD.

Responsible for K wasting and hypokalemia.

Front 19

LASIX

Back 19

Most powerful diuretics

It works at a site where significant capacity for solute reabsorption occurs.

NOTE: drugs that work more distally, i.e. thiazide, are less effective because the ascending loop has substantially completed the bulk of the reab. task.