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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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504 EXAM 3 DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE
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504 EXAM 3 DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE
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What are the drugs used for treatment of heart failure?
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1. antagonists of RA system
2. diuretics 3. beta adrenergic antagonists (blockers) 4. vasodilator drugs |
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Antagonists of R-A system?
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1. ACE inhibitors
2. angiotensin Type-1 antagonists (lorartan) |
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Mechanism of ACE inhibitors and its use?
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Inhibits conversion of A1 to A2.
For treatment of heart failure |
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Angiotensin type 1 antagonist drug?
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Losartan
Blocks AT-1 receptor Same use as ACE inhibitor |
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What are some examples of diuretics?
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1. thiazide
2. loop diuretics 3. aldosterone antagonists |
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Thiazide diuretics mechanism and use
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Mechanism: inhibits Na, K, Cl reabsorption in distal tubule
Use: reduce extracellular blood volume. |
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Loop diuretic mechanism and use
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Inhibits Na, K, Cl reabsorption in thick ascending loop.
Use: reduce extracellular blood vol. |
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Example of loop diuretics
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Furosemide
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Aldosterone antagonists
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Mech: blocks aldosterone receptor.
Use: reduce extracellular blood vol. WITHOUT K+ depletion. |
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Beta blockers
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1. usually used synergistically with other therapy (i.e. ACE inhibitors, diuretics, etc..)
2. down regulate beta 1 receptor signaling pathways. |
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List the vasodilator drugs
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1. Ca channel blockers
2. Alpha receptor antagonists 3.. direct vasodilators 4. isosorbide dinitrate + hydralazine combo therapy |
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Calcium channel blockers drugs
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1. nifedipine
2. diltiazem 3. verapamil |
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Mechanis and use of Ca channel blockers
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Mech: block Ca channels in smooth muscles at low doses and cardiac muscles at high doses.
Use: reduce peripheral resistance |
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Example of alpha receptor antagonist
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Prazosin
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Mech and use of alpha receptor antagonist
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Mech: blocks the receptor
Use: efficacious is short term |
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Examples of direct vasodilators
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1. hydralazine
2. isosorbide 3. dinitrate |
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Mechanism and use of hydralazine (direct vasodilator)
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Relax vascular smooth muscle
Use: reduce peripheral resistance |
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Positive inotropic drugs
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Helps treat heart failure
Digitalis glycosides (digoxin, digitoxin). Catecholamines |
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Mechanism and use of positive inotropic drugs
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Mech:
1. inhibits Na/K ATPase 2. inc. intracellular Na 3. dec. gradient for Na/Ca exchange 4. buildup of Ca which increases muscle contraction. Use: treats heart failure and improves cardiac performance. |
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Catecholamines and its mech and use
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Dobutamine
Mech: stimulate Beta 1 and beta 2.receptors and mixed alpha 1 agonist/antagonist actions. Use: for short term heart failure. |
