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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 layers of the integument?
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epidermis and dermis
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dermis
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layer underneath; loose and dense connective tissue
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epidermis
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lop layer, keratin; epithelial tissue
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6 functions of the integument
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1. protection
2. excretions 3. temperature control 4. synthesis of Vitamin D 5. nutrient storage 6. sensory reception |
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keratinocytes
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most common cell types of epidermis
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reticular layer
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run in a network of fibers below papillary plexus
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cutaneous plexus
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where reticular and hyperdermis meet
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papillary plexus
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where reticular and papillary meet
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papillary layer
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2nd layer; branch up
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layers of the epidermis (5):
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stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
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stratum germinativum
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bottom; cells are actively reproducing
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epidermal ridges
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make fingerprints
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stem cells
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undifferentiated cells that are going to become skin cells
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melanocytes
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produce melanin
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melanin
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made and stored in vesicles; protect you from UV radiation
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carotene
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2nd pigment; yellowish/orange; converted into Vitamin A
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Stratum spinosum
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8-10 cells thick; spiny; continue to divide
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desmosomes
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plaques of proteoglycans and intermediate fibers
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stratum granulosum
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stop dividing;
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keratohyaline
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precursor to keratin
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stratum lucidum
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found in thick skin; 3-5 cells thick;
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eleidin
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derived from keratohyaline; protection
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stratum corneum
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dead cells; 15-30 cells thick; made up of keratin sandwiches
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cholecalciferol
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produced in sunlight in germinativum and spinosum;
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calcitrol
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Ca binding proteins (active form of Vitamin D)
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subcutaneous layer
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below dermis
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basal cell carcinoma
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most common
~70% of skin cancers |
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squamal cell carcinoma
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~25% of skin cancers
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melanoma
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~4%; spread easily, chew threw membrane to get through to the blood stream
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