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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the eurkaryotic cells are part of the endomembrane system, which carries out a variety of tasks in the cell like.....
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-protein synthesis
-transport of protein (insertion into membrane or oganelle or export) -metabolism and movement of lipids -detoxification -part of the nuclear envelope -ER - Golgi -lysosomes -vacuoles -plasma membrane |
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The Endoplasmic Recticulum: Biosynthetic Factory or ER
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is such an extensive network of membranes that it accnts more than half the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells.
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the ER is with in
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cytoplasm and looks like a little net.
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The ER consists of
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membranous tubules and cisternal sacs.
Cisternal sacs hold water and ER contains lumen which are open spaces. They are continuous w/ the nuclear envelope. |
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What are the 2 types of ER?
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smooth ER
rough ER |
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smooth ER
(found in the liver) functions in diverse ... |
metabolic processes, which include synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification of drugs and poisons.
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Enzymes of the smooth ER are important to synthesis of
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lipids, including oils, phospholipids, and steriods.
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In the liver smooth ER detoxifies drugs and poisons because it has a
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high concentration.
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What is proliferation of the smooth ER of the liver?
Give an example. |
Is over exposure of a drug or poison which increases tolerance. Ex. alcohol and many other drugs.
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smooth ER stores ________ in muscle cells.
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Ca
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smooth ER metablizes ________.
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carbohaydrates
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Many types of specialized cells _______ ________ by ribosomes attached to Rough ER.
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secrete proteins
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_________ are produced and threaded into the rough ER lumen
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Polypeptides
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The proteins that enter the ER lumen and convert to
___________. |
glycoproteins
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Glycoproteins are secreted by transport vesicles from the ER to the _______ _________.
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golgi apparatus.
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Transport vesicles and the proteins they carry creates ______ ________ ________.
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plasma membrane growth.
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The golgi apparatus serves as a _________ and ________ center to the cell.
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shipping and receiving
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The receiving end of the golgi apparatus is located
near ___________ ER. |
transitional
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The receiving end of the golgi apparatus is called ____ face.
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cis facee
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While in the cis face of the golgi apparatus glycoproteins and phospholipis are ________.
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modified.
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Production of ____________
are happens here too. Ex. pectin from pears |
polysaccarides
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The shipping part of the golgi is located near the ____ _________.
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cell membrane.
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The shipping department ships finished product to organelles or plasma membrane via _______ _______.
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transport vesicles.
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shipping department is know as the _____ face.
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trans
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Lysosomes is a membranous sac of hydolytic _______ that an animal cell uses to digest all kinds of macromolecules
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enzymes
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It's basically a bag of ______ enzymes.
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digestive
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lysosomes work best in ____ enviroments.
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acidic
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If lysomal enzymes are best in acidic enviroments than that means to it reguires ____ optimal pH.
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low
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Lysosomes are manufactured in the ______ ER.
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rough
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Lysosomes carry out intracellular digestion _________ like in ameabas and macrophage.
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phagocytosis
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lysosomes also use their hydrolyc enzymes to recycle the cells own organic materal, a process called _________.
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autophagy
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What is a non -functional lysosomal lipase that accumulates lipids and impairs the brain.
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Tay- Sachs disease
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Vacuoles are
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diverse compartments of plant cells.
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Vacuoles carry out _____.
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hydrolysis
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There are three types of vacuoles.
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*Food vacuoles> Phagocytosis
*Contractile vacuoles> osmoregulated *Central vacuole |
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Central Vacuole have ______' selectively permiable membrane and protein storage in _____.
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seeds
ions |
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Central vacuole also has disposal site for _______ and flower petal _________ storage.
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metabolites
pigments |
