5-28 Fa Pharm

Front 1

vincristine vs paclitaxel

Back 1

vincristine prevents microtubule formation, paclitaxel prevents microtuble degradation

Front 2

eqn for half life

Back 2

halflife= 0.7Vd/CL

Front 3

tx for AML

Back 3

"caramel": c-ara AML (cytarabine) + daunorubicin

Front 4

omalizumab

Back 4

monoclonal Ab that binds to IgE -- used in asthma that is not well controlled by steroids

Front 5

infliximab

Back 5

binds TNF-alpha; used in crohn's and RA

Front 6

ipratropium

Back 6

muscaranic antagonist with minimal systemic side effects; usedin asthma (esp with COPD)

Front 7

theophylline

Back 7

inhibits PDE --> increases cAMP; narrow TI (cardiotox, neurotox)

Front 8

antineoplastics with cardiac tox

Back 8

doxorubicin, daunorubicin

Front 9

antineoplastics with pulm fibrosis

Back 9

bleomycin, busulfan

Front 10

antineoplastics with CNS Tox (periph neuropathy, ileus)

Back 10

vincristine

Front 11

antineoplastics with renal and acoustic nerve tox

Back 11

cisplatin

Front 12

tx of klebsiella

Back 12

cephalosporins

Front 13

tx for legionella

Back 13

erythromycin ("a wreath on legionairre's grave")

Front 14

tx for anaerobes above the diaphragm

Back 14

clindamycin

Front 15

tx for anaerobes below the diaphragm

Back 15

metronidazole

Front 16

tx of oral candidiasis

Back 16

"nystatin, swish and swallow" + fluconazole

Front 17

nystatin

Back 17

antifungal, punches holes in ergosterol (like amphoteicin-B); too toxic for IV, but not absorbed thru GI; main use: CANDIDIASIS

Front 18

penicillin cross allergy

Back 18

amoxicillin, cephalosporins

Front 19

cyclosporine + {tacrolimus | sacrolimus}

Back 19

NEPHROTOXICITY! Additive toxicity, so don’t give within 24 hrs

Front 20

OC metabolism

Back 20

p450

Front 21

avoid OCs with

Back 21

p450 inducers (Quinidine, Barbiturates, Phenytoin, Rifampin, Griseofulvin, Carbemazepine)

Front 22

cyclophosphamide mech, use

Back 22

alkylating agent, causes dna cross-linking; used for non-hodgkin's lymphoma (C in CHOP)

Front 23

6-mp mech

Back 23

inhibits purine synthesis (6-mercaptoPURINE), requires conversion by HGPRT

Front 24

vinca alkaloids

Back 24

bind tubuilin, prevent polymerization (unlike taxol: prevents degradation)

Front 25

dna intercalators

Back 25

bleomycin, doxorobucin

Front 26

6-MP contraindicated with what drug?

Back 26

allopurinol --| HGPRT, which is needed by 6-MP for conversion to active metabolite; allopurinol causes increased 6-MP levels --> hepatotox

Front 27

Chvostek sign

Back 27

tapping face in front of ear elicits tetany --> hypocalcemia

Front 28

trousseau sign

Back 28

BP cuff occludes brachial artery --> carpal spasm (indicates hypocalcemia)

Front 29

ergocalciferol

Back 29

vit d2 (used for hypocalcemia)

Front 30

cyclosporine mech

Back 30

ihbits production and release of IL-2 by binding cyclophillin, inhibtiting calcineurin, thereby inhibiting NF-kB activity

Front 31

bethanechol

Back 31

muscarinic agonists (like methacholine, carbachol, pilocarpine) -- Bethnechol stimulates Bowel and Bladder; AChE resistant

Front 32

glaucoma drugs

Back 32

PETA: Pilocarpine (ACh agonist), Echothiophate (AChEi), Timilol (Beta blocker), Acetazolamide (CA inhibitor)

Front 33

ACh agonist and AChEi combinations

Back 33

Carbechol/Pilocarpine + Echothiophate/Physostigmine for Glaucoma; Bethanechol + Neostigmine for post-surgical/neurological ileus or urinary retention

Front 34

tx for myasthenia gravis

Back 34

AChEi (neostigmine, pyridostigmine)

Front 35

physostigmine

Back 35

AChEi used for glaucoma; has good CNS penetrance, so also used for atropine overdose

Front 36

benztropine

Back 36

Centrally acting anticholinergic --> used for parkinsons

Front 37

scopolamine

Back 37

Centrally acting anticholinergic --> used for motion sickness

Front 38

dx of myasthenia gravis

Back 38

edrophonium: extremely short acting AChEi (10mins), see if it relieves sx

Front 39

nervous control of ciliary muscle

Back 39

cholinergic (carbechol/pilocarpine = cholinomimetics, activate ciliary muscle --> relieve openangle glaucoma; also, atropine causes ciliary muscle paralysis --> cycloplegia:no accomodation)

Front 40

NE selectivity

Back 40

a1,a2 > B1

Front 41

Epi selectivity

Back 41

B1,B2 (low dose) > a1,a2 (high dose)

Front 42

Dopamine Selectivity

Back 42

D1=D2>B>a AGONIST

Front 43

dobutamine

Back 43

B1>B2 (no alpha activity) AGONIST

Front 44

isoproterenol

Back 44

B1=B2 AGONIST

Front 45

phenylephrine

Back 45

a1>a2 AGONIST

Front 46

terbutaline

Back 46

like albuterol, b2>b1 AGONIST; used to reduce contractions in premature labor

Front 47

drug used for hypertension with renal disease

Back 47

a2 agonist (clonidine or alpha-methyldopa) b/c no decrease in blood flow to renal vasculature

Front 48

adrenergic agent used in pregnancy-induced hypertension

Back 48

alpha-methyldopa

Front 49

nonselective alpha antagonists (2) + uses and differences

Back 49

phenoxybenzmine (irreversible) and phentolamine (reversible); both used for pheo

Front 50

alpha1 blocker

Back 50

prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin -- used for BPH urinary retention or HTN

Front 51

alpha2 blocker

Back 51

mirtazapine: anti-depressent; causes weight gain (inc appetite, inc cholesterol)

Front 52

drug of choice for shock

Back 52

Dopamine: inc BP via B1/a1, while D1 and D2 also vasoconstricts (but vasodilates renal vasculature, preserves renal function)

Front 53

beta blockers used in SVT

Back 53

propanolol, esmolol