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127 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Absorb |
To take in some of the light that strikes an object's surface. |
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Adaptation |
A physical feature or a behavior that helps an organism survive in its habitat. |
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Absorb
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To take in some of the light that strikes an object's surface.
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Adaptation
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A physical feature or a behavior that helps an organism survive in its habitat.
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Adult
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A fully-grown, mature organism.
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Air mass
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A large body of air that has about the same temperature, air pressure, and moisture throughout.
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Air pressure
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The weight of air as it presses down on Earth's surface.
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Atmosphere
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The layers of air that surround Earth's surface.
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Axis
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An imaginary line through the center of an object.
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Bay
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a body of water that is partly enclosed by land and has a wide opening.
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Camouflage
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The coloring, marking, or other physical appearance of an animal that helps it blend in with its surroundings.
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Carnivore
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An animal that eats only other animals.
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Cell
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The basic unit that makes up all living things.
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Cell membrane
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A thin flexible covering that surrounds all types of cells.
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Cell wall
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Found in plant cells, it is the rigid outer layer covering the cell membrane.
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Chlorophyll
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A green material in plants that traps energy from sunlight-and gives leaves their green color.
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Climate
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The average weather conditions in an area over-a long period of time.
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Condensation
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The change of the state of gas to a liquid.
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Conductors
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Materials that negatively charged particles can move through easily.
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Crescent moon
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The phase of the Moon when a thin part of the Moon's near side is sunlit.
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Cytoplasm
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A thick fluid that suspends organelles found between the nucleus and the cell membrane.
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Delta
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A large mass of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river.
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Density
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The amount of matter in a given space, or a given volume.
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Deposition
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The dropping of sediment moved by water, wind, or ice.
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Egg
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The first stage in the life cycle of most animals.
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Electric cell
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A device that turns chemical energy into electrical energy.
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Electric charges
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Tiny particles that carry units of electricity.
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Electric circuit
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The pathway that an electric current follows.
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Electric current
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A continuous flow of electric charges.
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Electromagnet
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A strong temporary magnet that uses electricity to produce magnetism.
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Embryo
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A plant or animal in the earliest stages of development.
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Energy
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The ability to cause change.
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Equator
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The imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the North and South Poles.
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Erosion
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The movement of rock material from one place to another.
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Erratic
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A single large boulder moved by a glacier and deposited when the glacier melts.
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Evaporation
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The change of state from a liquid to a gas.
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Extinct
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No longer living; when the last member of a species has died, the species is extinct.
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Food chain
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The path of food energy in an ecosystem as one living thing eats another.
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Food web
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Two or more food chains that overlap.
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Force
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A push that moves an object away or a pull that moves an object nearer.
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Friction
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A force that slows or stops motion between two surfaces that are touching.
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Front
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The place where two air masses meet.
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Full moon
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The phase of the Moon when the entire Moon's near side is sunlit.
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Generator
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A devise that uses magnetism to convert energy of motion into electrical energy.
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Germinate
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The process in which a seed begins to grow into a new plant.
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Glacier
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A large mass of slow moving ice that flows down a slope.
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Gravity
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The force that pulls bodies or objects toward other bodies or objects.
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Greenhouse effect
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The process by which heat from the Sun builds up near Earth's surface and is trapped there by the atmosphere.
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Habitat
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The place where an organism lives.
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Headland
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A point of land, usually high, that extends out into the water.
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Herbivore
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An animal that eats only plants.
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Hibernate
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To go into a deep sleep during which an animal uses very little energy and usually does not need to eat.
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Inclined plane
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A simple machine made up of a slanted surface.
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Insulators
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Materials that electric charges do not flow through easily.
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Larva
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The wormlike form that hatches from an egg; the second stage of an organism that goes through complete metamorphosis.
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Lens
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A piece of curved glass, plastic, or other material that refracts light.
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Lever
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A simple machine made up of a stiff bar that moves freely around a fixed point.
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Life cycle
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A series of stages that occur during the lifetimes of all organisms.
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Life process
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A function that an organism performs to stay alive and produce more of its own kind.
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Life span
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The length of time it takes for an individual organism to complete its life cycle.
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Light
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A form of energy that travels in waves and can be seen when it interacts with matter.
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Magnet
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An object that attracts certain metals, mainly iron.
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Magnetic poles
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The two areas on a magnet with the greatest magnetic force.
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Mass
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The amount of matter in an object.
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Metamorphosis
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The process in which some organisms change form in different stages of their life cycles.
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Metric system
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A system of measurement based on multiples of 10.
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Migrate
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To move to another region when seasons change and food supplies become scarce.
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Mimicry
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An adaptation that allows an animal to protect itself by looking like another kind of animal or like a plant.
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Mitochondria
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The power sources of a cell.
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Moraine
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The long ridge formed by boulders, rocks, and soil carried and deposited by a glacier.
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Motion
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A change in an object's position as compared to objects around it.
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Motor
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A device that changes electrical energy into energy of motion.
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New moon
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The phase of the Moon when the Moon's near side appears totally dark.
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Niche
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The role a plant or animal plays in its habitat.
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Nymph
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The second stage of an insect as it goes through incomplete metamorphosis.
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Omnivore
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An animal that eats both plants and animals.
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Opaque
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An opaque material blocks light from passing through it.
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Organ
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A special part of an organism's body that performs a specific function.
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Organism
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Any living thing that can carry out life processes on its own.
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Organ system
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A group of organs that work together to carry out life processes.
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Parallel circuit
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A circuit in which parts are connected so that the electric current passes along more than one pathway.
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Phases of the Moon
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Changes in the amount of sunlight that reaches the side of the Moon that faces Earth as the Moon orbits Earth.
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Photosynthesis
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The process plants use to make food.
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Physical change
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A change in the size, shape, or state of matter that does not change it into a new kind of matter.
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Pistil
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The part of the flower that collects the pollen and then produces a seed.
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Polar climate
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Places with polar climate have very cold temperatures throughout the year, and are located around the North Pole and the South Pole.
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Position
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An object's location, or place.
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Precipitation
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Any form of water that falls from clouds to Earth's surface.
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Prism
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A Piece of glass or other transparent material that separates white light into colors.
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Pulley
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A simple machine made up of a rope fitted around the rim of a fixed wheel.
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Pupa
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The third stage of metamorphos
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Quarter moon
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The phase of the Moon when half of the Moon's near side is sunlit.
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Reflect
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The method by which light waves bounce off the surface of most objects.
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Refract
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The method by which light waves are bent by moving from one transparent material to another, such as from air to glass.
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Reproduce
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To make more living things of the same kind.
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Revolve
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To move in a path around another object.
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River system
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The largest river and all the waterways that drain into it.
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Root
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The part of a plant that takes in water and nutrients from the ground.
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Rotate
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To turn on an axis.
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Sand dune
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A hill or pile of sand that was formed by the wind.
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Scientific inquiry
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The way scientists ask and answer questions about the world around them.
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Screw
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A simple machine made up of an inclined plane wrapped around a column.
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Season
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One of the four parts of the year-spring, summer, fall, and winter.
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Seed
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An undeveloped plant sealed in a protective coating.
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Series circuit
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A circuit in which parts are connected so that the electric current passes through each part, one after another, along a single-pathway.
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Shadow
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An area where light does not strike.
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Simple machine
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A simple device that changes a force.
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Species
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A group of living things that produces living things of the same kind.
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Speed
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A measure of the distance an object travels in a certain amount of time.
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Stamen
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The part of the flower that makes pollen.
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Static electricity
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The build-up of electric charge on an object.
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Stem
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The part of a plant that carries food, water, and nutrients to and from the roots and leaves.
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Temperate climate
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Places with temperate climate have warm, dry summers and cold, wet winters, and are located between the tropical zone and the polar zones.
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Tissue
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A group of similar cells that work together, such as muscle tissue and stomach tissue.
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Translucent
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A translucent material allows some light to pass through it, but scatters the light in many directions.
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Transparent
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A transparent material allows light to pass through it.
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Tropical climate
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Places with tropical climate are hot and rainy throughout the year, and are located directly north and south of the equator.
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Vacuoles
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Membrane-bound sacs that are filled with fluid.
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Velocity
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A measure of speed in a certain direction.
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Volume
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The amount of space that matter takes up.Waning moon
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The phases of the Moon when a decreasing amount of the Moon's near side is sunlit.
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Water cycle
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The movement of water into the air as water vapor and back to Earth's surface as precipitation.
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Waxing moon
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The phases of the Moon when an increasing amount of the Moon's near side is sunlit.
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Weather
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The conditions of the atmosphere at a certain place and time.
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Weathering
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The slow wearing away of rock into smaller pieces, by ice, plant roots, moving water, wind, or chemicals.
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Wedge
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A simple machine made up of two inclined planes.
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Weight
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The measure of the pull of gravity on an object.
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Wheel and axle
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A simple machine made up of two cylinders that turn on the same axis.
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