4Th Grade Science

Front 1

The capacity to do work

Back 1

energy

Front 2

Name 8 TYPES of energy

Back 2

Chemical
Kinetic
Heat
Light
Nuclear
Sound
Stored

Front 3

Which energy type means "movement"?

Back 3

Kinetic energy

Front 4

Everything on earth is made of what?

Back 4

matter

Front 5

What causes matter to change its form?

Back 5

energy

Front 6

TRUE OR FALSE
Energy can change form but cannot be created or destroyed

Back 6

TRUE

Front 7

Name 12 SOURCES of energy

Back 7

Fossil Fuel
Water Power
Wood
Geothermal Energy
Solar Power
Chemical Energy
Tidal Energy
Hydrogen Energy
Wind Power
Nuclear Energy
Solid and Liquid Waste energy
Fuel Cell energy

Front 8

____________ is the movement of heat through metals

Back 8

Conduction

Front 9

_____________ is the transfer of heat through LIQUID AND GAS by movement of heated molecules

Back 9

Convection

Front 10

________ is heat energy from the sun in infrared waves

Back 10

Radiation

Front 11

When heat flows into an object, the object's _____ becomes disturbed Sometimes they will change their ____ pattern.

Back 11

Molecules
Orderly

Front 12

Heat is measured in ___

Back 12

Calories

Front 13

Heat is measured with ____

Back 13

a thermometer

Front 14

Heat is measured in ______ and _______

Back 14

Fahrenheit and Celsius

Front 15

Water freezes at ______ degrees Fahrenheit

Back 15

32

Front 16

Water freezes at ______ degrees Celsius

Back 16

zero

Front 17

Water boils at ____ degrees Fahrenheit

Back 17

212

Front 18

Water boils at ____ degrees Celsius

Back 18

100

Front 19

Name 6 SOURCES of heat

Back 19

Sun
Earth
Chemical reaction
Nuclear energy
Friction
Electricity

Front 20

Energy can change ______ but cannot be _____ or ____

Back 20

form
created
destroyed

Front 21

Light we see is part of a group of waves called _____ ______.

Back 21

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Front 22

Energy can be in motion, which is called _______ or it can be ________.

Back 22

Kinetic
Stored or Potential

Front 23

Energy often travels in ______.

Back 23

waves

Front 24

________ resources are ones that we cannot replace

Back 24

non-renewable

Front 25

_______ is our most important source of energy

Back 25

the sun

Front 26

Color is what we see ________, not what is ______

Back 26

reflected
absorbed

Front 27

_______ surfaces bounce light in _______ lines.

Back 27

Smooth
Straight

Front 28

________ surfaces bounce light every which way and therefore do not ______

Back 28

Rough
Create Images

Front 29

TRUE or FALSE
A rough surface can still reflect light.

Back 29

TRUE

Front 30

Light _______ in different materials because the _____ changes as it hits new materials

Back 30

Bends
Speed

Front 31

If light goes from air into water, it ______

Back 31

Bends TOWARDS normal line when entering water

Front 32

If light goes from water into air it _______________

Back 32

Bends AWAY FROM normal line when entering air

Front 33

When light passes through something that _____ it, it bends at different rates and then ______.

So it creates a _________.

Back 33

refracts
Scatters or spreads

Spectrum

Front 34

What color has the shortest wavelength of all colors?

What color has the longest wavelenth of all colors?

Back 34

Violet

Red

Front 35

A laser is just ________ color, so it does not have anything to spread out and is straight and full of light ____________.

Back 35

one
? photons

Front 36

White light from the sun bends and scatters when it goes through a glass prism.
TRUE or FALSE

Back 36

True

Front 37

Red laser light bends and scatters when it goes through a glass prism.
TRUE or FALSE

Back 37

FALSE. A laser is just one color so it does not have anything to spread out and is straight and full of light ?photons

Front 38

SOUND is created by ______.

They travel in _____ in all directions through things like water or ____.

Back 38

vibrations
waves
air

Front 39

There is no sound in ______.

Back 39

Space

Front 40

Sound travels at ____ feet per second

Back 40

1120

Front 41

The FREQUENCY of a sound wave determines its _______

Back 41

Pitch

Front 42

The _________ of a sound is related to its LOUDNESS

Back 42

Amplitude

Front 43

Sound is basically a ______ -- a repeated, __________ motion

Back 43

Vibration
Continuous

Front 44

Vibrations that hit our _____ _____ send a message to our _____ that sound is present

Back 44

inner ear
brain

Front 45

_______ is high and low and comes from the _______ of the vibration

Back 45

Pitch
Frequency

Front 46

_______is loud and soft and comes from the _____ of the vibration

Back 46

Amplitude

size

Front 47

HEAT ENERGY is called ________

Back 47

thermal energy

Front 48

Heat energy moves from areas of _____ temperatures to areas of _____ temperatures. The flow stops when the temperature is _____

Back 48

hot
cool
even

Front 49

There is heat every time ________________

Back 49

energy moves

Front 50

Conduction is the movement of heat between ____________________

Back 50

metals

Front 51

Atoms near heat get extra heat _________ and start to vibrate and transfer _____ to nearby atoms.

Back 51

energy
heat

Front 52

A good CONDUCTOR ______ heat to pass through it easily.

Back 52

allows

Front 53

A good INSULATOR ______ heat to pass through it easily

Back 53

does not allow

Front 54

Convection is the transfer of heat by ______ of heated molecules. Convection occurs in ______ and ________.

Back 54

movement
liquids
gases

Front 55

HOW LIGHT BEHAVES

______ means to bend light rays

Back 55

Refraction

Front 56

HOW LIGHT BEHAVES

what word means absorbed colors

Back 56

Absorption

Front 57

HOW LIGHT BEHAVES

_______ means bouncing off

Back 57

Reflection

Front 58

HOW LIGHT BEHAVES

_______ means going every way

Back 58

? Scatter

Front 59

The three primary colors are ____, ____, ____

Back 59

red, blue, yellow

Front 60

When combined, the primary colors make _____, ____, and ______

Back 60

purple, orange, green

Front 61

Red + Blue =

Back 61

Purple

Front 62

Red + Yellow =

Back 62

Orange

Front 63

Yellow + Blue =

Back 63

Green

Front 64

Light is made of _____

Back 64

photons

Front 65

Light travels at _____ miles per second in waves of STRAIGHT lines called _________

Back 65

186,000
rays

Front 66

What is radiant energy?

Back 66

Energy in the form of waves or particles

Front 67

Name 7 types of radiant energy.

Back 67

Xrays
gamma rays
radio waves
visible light
solar energy
infrared
microwaves

Front 68

In what directions do light waves travel?

Back 68

Outward in all directions

Front 69

What is a vaccum?

Back 69

An airless space

Front 70

Light waves and sound waves travel in different ____ and at different _____

Back 70

ways
speeds

Front 71

Name 3 very short waves

Back 71

Ultraviolet waves
xrays
gamma waves

Front 72

Name 3 very long waves

Back 72

radio
infrared
microwaves

Front 73

_____ is the number of waves created at a certain point or in a certain amount of time

Back 73

Frequency

Front 74

The highest part of a wave is called _____

Back 74

the crest

Front 75

The lowest part of a wave is called _____

Back 75

the trough

Front 76

How do you measure wavelength?

Back 76

the difference betwwen the 2 crests

Front 77

When rays of white light pass from one material through another material, the colors can ______ and create a ____

Back 77

separate
rainbow (spectrum)

Front 78

If light goes from air into water, it ______ and therefore ______

Back 78

slows down
bends

Front 79

When light passes through something that ____ its, it bends at different rates and then ______. So it creates a rainbow.

Back 79

bends
separates

Front 80

Color is what we see ____, not what is ____.

Back 80

reflected
absorbed

Front 81

_____ means the light is bounced back from the object, while ____ means that light is taken in by the object

Back 81

reflected
absorbed

Front 82

When light bounces back from a surface, it is called ______

Back 82

reflection

Front 83

When light moves from one material and into another material, the light rays can ____

Back 83

bend

Front 84

Light ____ in different materials because the _____ of light changes as it hits new materials

Back 84

bends
speed

Front 85

What is a lens?

Back 85

A curved piece of glass or plastic that bends light waves

Front 86

Name 3 things lenses are used for

Back 86

with a TELESCOPE to make things that are far away easier to see

with a MICROSCOPE to make small things look bigger

with EYEGLASSES to make things easier to see

Front 87

Name 3 differences between concave and convex lenses

Back 87

A CONCAVE lens is thicker on the ends
A CONVEX lens is thicker in the middle

A CONCAVE lens is shaped like )(
A CONVEX lens is shaped like ()

A CONCAVE lens bends light waves away from each other and towards the edges
A CONVEX lens bends light towards the middle

A CONCAVE lens is used in things like telescopes
A CONVEX lens is used in the human eye

Front 88

An object is transparent when light ______ _______ through the object

Back 88

straight through

Front 89

An object is translucent when ________________

Back 89

some light goes through