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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A-48. What do multiple myeloma cells produce?
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-Excess intact IgG or IgA and excess light chains
-Osteoclast activating factor (IL-6) -IL-1 (potent osteoclast activator) |
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A-48. Waldenstrom's, a primary macroglobinemia, can cause Hypersensitivity Syndrome. what are the Si/Sx?
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-Due to overproduction of IgM
-Fatigue, weakness, skin & mucosal bleeding, HA, visual problems, and neurologic problems |
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A-48. What are the three layers of the vessel wall?
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Intima: single layer of endo. cells
Media: confers strenght and vasoconstricitive abilities Adventitia: outmost layer |
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A-48. Difference between hyperplastic and hyaline arteriosclerosis?
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Hyperplastic: from malignant HTN
Hyaline: from inflammation and use |
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A-48. Large vessels are affected by two vasculitis disease, what are they?
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Giant Cell and Takayasu
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A-48. Polarteritis Nodosa (PAN)
-Path -Occurs in -Si/Sx |
Path: transmural necrotizing inflammation of arterial walls
Occurs in: secondary to HBV, HCV, or Hairy Cell leukemia Si/Sx: fever, abdom. pain and melena, renal disease w/ HTN, neuritis of motor neurons, diffuse myalgia, fatal if not treated. |
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A-48.Giant Cell Arteritis:
Path Locations Si/Sx |
Path: granulomatous inflammation of vessel wall
Locations: aorta, carotids, temporal arteries Si/Sx: fever, fatigue, temporal HA, high ESR |
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A-48. Kawasaki Disease
Path, Si/Sx, Epidemiology, Tx |
Path: histo. same as PAN - believed to be triggered by viral illness
Si/Sx: fever, conjuctivitis, coronary a. aneurysms, maculopapular rash, oral mucosa erythema, cervical adenopathy Epi: <4yo, Japan and US Tx: IV immunoglobulins + Asprin |
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A-48. Behcet's Syndrome
Path, Si/Sx, Other risks, Epidemiology |
Path: vasculitis of veins, recurr. pain lesions oral and genitals (mistake as herpes) - anti-human oral mucosa ABs
Risk: brain/GI damage, DVTs and PEs Epi: Mediterranean, Mid/Far eastern descent |
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A-48. Syphilitic Aneurysms
Path, Si/Sx |
Path: Treponema pallidum, ischemia and shrinkage of media - "tree bark" intima
Si/Sx: may cause aortic regurgitation |
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A-48. What is an aortic dissection?
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Intima tears causing longitudinal splits in the media, which allows blood to collect in aortic wall
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A-48. Si/Sx of aneurysms on the aortic arch?
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Dyspnea, persisten cough (compress recurr laryngeal nerves), HF if there is aortic regurg present, rupture and death
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A-48. Mitral valve prolapse sounds like_______ and common in _________?
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Midsystolic click
Marfans, Ehlers-Danlos, Fragile X syndromes |
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A-48. What is Eisenmenger's Syndrome?
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Reversal of L to R shunt (VSD) to a R - L shunt secondary to the eventual development of pulm HTN
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