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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What did Ferster & Skinner observe?

schedule effects of key pecking pigeons in an operant conditioning chamber

schedule where each response is reinforced

continuous

schedule where only some responses are reinforced

intermittent / partial

4 types intermittent schedules

fixed ratio


variable ratio


fixed interval


variable interval


reinforcement contingent upon fixed predictable # of responses;


low ratio requi: reinforcement easy;


high ratio requi: reinforcement difficult;


run & step graph

fixed ratio

reinforcement contingent upon varying, unpredictable # of responses;


straight line graph;


ex: gambling

variable ratio

reinforcement contingent upon 1st response occurring after set period of time;


the longer the interval, the slower the rate;


upward scallop graph

fixed interval

reinforcement contingent upon 1st response occurring after varying, unpredictable period of time;


straight-line graph

variable interval

schedule of behavior must be performed continuously for a fixed amount of time

fixed duration schedule

schedule is unpredictable in nature; each trial has different interval length

variable duration schedule

contingent on how fast/slow a response is

response-rate schedule

fast performance;


set lower criterion

differential reinforcement of higher rates DRH

slower performance;


set max criterion

differential reinforcement of lower rates LRH

set max. & min. criterion

differential reinforcement of paced responding DRP

3 types response rate schedules

differential reinforcement of paced responding DRP;


differential reinforcement of lower rates LRH;


differential reinforcement of higher rates DRH


response independent schedules;


response delivered independently of behavior

noncontingent schedules

2 types noncontingent schedules

fixed time;


variable time


set a predictable amount of time but we don't care about behavior, non contingent

fixed time


time is varied for each trial; non contingent

variable time