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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anterior MI ejection fraction 30% 4 days later becomes acutely hypotensive : new holosystolic murmur at apex radiating to axilla why |
ruptured papillary muscle |
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S4 |
immediately before S1 left ventricular hypertrophy or stiffness |
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systolic holosystolic murmur high pitch blowing increases with inspiration |
tricuspid regurg (higher RA return) |
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systolic holosystolic murmur harsh sound |
ventricular septal defect |
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systolic holosystolic murmur high pitch, blowing increases with squatting increases with expiration |
(higher LA return) mitral regurgitation |
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mid systolic click with late crescendo systolic murmur enhanced by valsalva |
mitral valve prolapse |
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systolic crescendo-decrescendo pulses feel weak |
aortic stenosis |
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diastolic early crescendo high pitched blowing |
aortic regurg |
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diastolic opening snap and late rumble enhanced with expiration hear in left lateral decubitus |
(high LA return) mitral stenosis |
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S3 |
normal for kids sometimes |
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unequal pulses htn young person |
coarctation of aorta if pain: dissection |
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shock low CO high PCWP/SVR |
cardiogenic shock |
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hx of cancer/recent infxn/pulsus paradoxicus decreased heart sounds JVD |
pericardial effusion +/- tamponade |
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chest pain better forward ST elevation PR depression |
pericarditis |
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palpitations/syncope young person no murmor |
WPW: short PR, delta wave or long QT |
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vertebrobasilar sx with arm exercise unequal bp or pulse |
subclavian steal
. |
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post-MI immediately die |
arrhythmia |
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post MI 3-10 days new MR murmur |
papiallary muscle rupture |
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post MI 3-10 days holosystolic murmur LSB |
interventricular septum rupture |
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post MI 3-10 days signs of tamponade |
LV free wall rupture |
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post MI several weeks fever pleuritic CP rub |
Dressler's (autoimmune/fibrinous pericarditis) |
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CHF pt visual sx, N/V, ECG changes |
digoxin
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CHF pt angioedema esp lips |
ACEI also cough |
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CHF pt lupus-like sx what ab? |
hydralazine anti-histone ab |
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CHF pt high K, gynecomastia |
spironolactone |
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34 yo healthy man bp 148/64, pulse 64 early decrescendo diastolic murmur at left 3rd intercostal pulses brisk |
aortic regurg |
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continuous machine like murmur upper left sternal border |
PDA |
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murmur during systolic ULSB and diastolic LLSB |
atrial septal defect |
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74 yoF 6 month with dyspnea on exertion 138/88 pulse 80 carotid upstroke delayed S4 R2nd intercostal radiating to carotid |
aortic stenosis |
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systolic crescendo decrescendo increases with valsalva |
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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22yo pregnant woman BP 100/60, pulse 88 diastolic murmur at apex loud S1 |
mitral stenosis |
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jugular waves |
a wave: presystolic, right atrial contraction c wave: bulging of tricuspid into atrium v wave: late systole from RA filling up |
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PDA- embryogenesis tx |
6th aortic arch indomethacin |
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fixed split S2 sound |
ASD |
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systolic murmur at LLSB increases with inspiration |
tricuspid regurg |
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3-4 wk infant CHF holosystolic mumur at 4th LICS, dynamic precordium |
VSD |
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holosystolic murmur LSB increase with valsalva young person |
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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RUSB SEM sx of chest pain syncope, SOA |
aortic stenosis |
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baby continous murmur esp premature babies |
PDA tx with NSAID |
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early cyanotic baby |
usually tetralogy of fallot |
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baby with downs CHF sx |
AV canal/atrioventricular septal defects
.. |
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surgery on AAA that's below renal arteries and extends to bifurcation of common iliac arteries what region at risk for ischemia |
sigmoid colon |
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10yo boy rash 5 days of fever, red eyes, joint swelling, rash temp 104 bilateral conjunctivitis fissured lips red tongue, erythema and edema of hands |
kawasaki dz |
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50 yo man 2 hours of chest pain htn 15 years, GERD bp right arm 160/68, left 125/75 HR 110 ECG has ST depression in inferior leads |
aortic dissection |
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39yoM 3 days chest pain sharp worse coughing or inspiration 150/90, HR 85. no JVD ST segment elevation ant and inf leads, PR depression |
acute pericarditis |
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58yoM ICU: N/V 3 days, chest pain 1 day. Took amoxicillin. 80/40 HR 120 S3 elevated central venous pressure, pulm a pressure, capillary wedge pressure, low cardiac output |
cardiogenic shock |
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30 yoM SOA URI 3 weeks ago edema Crackles in lung fields, elevated JVP, S3 mechanism of sx? |
direct cytotoxicity via receptor-mediated entry of virus into cardiac myocytes |
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57 yoM 1 month SOA, esp laying down, waking him up edema takes HCTZ and lisinopril for 10 years. Drinks every day. 148/92, pulse 84 2/6 midsystolic LSB murmur. S4. ECG suggests LVH. EF is 60% mechanism |
inability of left ventricle to fill at normal left atrial pressures- that stiff LV is ruining |
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56 yoF 6 months DOE JVD, holosystolic murmur to apex, edema ECG LA and LVH CXR: cardiomegaly and pulm congestion |
mitral regurg |
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most likely complication of Kawasaki |
coronary artery aneurysms |
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10 yo 3 days fever, joint pain, vague chest pain and rash (faint pink on trunk, sharp borders) healthy tho URI 3 weeks ago. knees wrists slight effusions 3 1cm nodules on shins right hand strength alternates hard and soft |
acute rheumatic fever |
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long term complication of acute rheumatic fever |
valvular heart dz |
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62 yoF 2 months increasing weakness SOA and weight gain Breast cancer 5 years ago- chemotherapy and radiation. Echo: end-diastolic volumes and elevated diastolic pressures in both ventricles |
constrictive pericarditis |
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72 yoF difficult to control HTN HCTZ 3 years ago, amlodipine last year, metoprolol last month. 170/110, HR 64 S4 BUN 18, creatinine 1.5 |
progressive stenosis of the renal arteries |
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47 yoF 2 months of dull frontal headache 152/110, HR 72 mild AV nicking, no papilledema Neuro normal K is low, bicarb is high. creatinine 1. glc 105 |
aldosterone overproduction by an adrenal adenoma |
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AE of ACEI |
cough |
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AE of LE swelling |
Ca channel blocker- amlodipine, nifedipine |
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AE of doxorubicin, trastuzumab chemo |
CHF- dilated cardiomyopathy |
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cardiac drug avoid in pregnancy |
ACEI |
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AE of amiodarone |
pulm fibrosis thyroid dysfunction increase QT interval |
