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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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somatropin or somatrem
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tx growth hormone deficiency
recombinant GH = RhGH administration: mimic the normal pattern of secretion circulating T1/2 = 20 mins, cleared by liver, biological T 1/2 = 9-17 hrs daily administration evaluation: short term: IGF-1 levels, long term = height contraindications to all GH: children - intracranial HTN, otitis media, hypothyroidism, pancreatitis, gynecomastia, and nevus growth in adults: (more common) - peripheral edema, myalgias/arthralgias, carpal tunnel, CYP450 activation, proliferative retinopathy (rare!) contraindicated in malignancy and critically ill |
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sermorelin acetate (geref)
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tx GH deficiency
synthetic GHRH given to patients with functional pituitary |
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mecasermin/increlex
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tx GH deficiency
IGF-1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (rhlGFBP-3) tx patients with mutations in the GH receptor (Laron dwarfism) |
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octreotide
sandostatin |
used to tx GH excess
somatostatin analogs inhibits release of pituitary and GI hormones symptomatic tx of hormone-secreting tumores - pit tumors, carcinoid tumors, insulinomas, VIPomas tx of choice for thyrotrope adenomas - inhibits TSH secretion adverse effects: diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, gallstones, VitB12 def |
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lanreotide
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tx of GH excess
long-acting octapeptide analog of somatostatin |
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pegvisomant
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GH receptor antagonist
crosslinks JAK/STAT diemrs but will not allow activation need to monitor liver function and growth-hormone tumor development |
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dopamine receptor agonists
cabergoline/dostinex |
only with pts with acromegaly
esp tumors secreting both growth hormone and prolactin |
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gonadorelin
GnRH analogues - goserelin, histrelin, lueprolide, nafarelin, and triptorelin |
GnRH analog
rarely used to stimulate gonadotropin production more often, used to suppress gonadotropin release: controlled ovarian hyperstimulation endometriosis uterine leiomyoma prostate cancer central precocious puberty toxicity: short term - HA, light-headedness, nausea, and flushing long temr: symptoms of menopause |
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ganirelix, cetrorelix,
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GnRH receptor antagonists
tx: controlled ovarian hyperstimulation toxicity: well tolerated with nausea and HA |
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abareliz, and degarelix
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GnRH receptor antagonist
tx: advanced prostate cancer - abarelix - short term - immediate-onset allergic responses (skin rash, hypotension and syncope) nand prolonged QT longterm - signs and symptoms of androgen deprivation |
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bromocriptine (parlodel)
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drugs to lower prolactin
semisynthetic ergot alkaloid inhibits spontaneous and TRH-induced release of prolactin used to tx smalkl prolactinoma 1st line tx for pregnancy adverse effects: nausea, vomiting, HA, and postural hypotension |
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cabergoline (dostinex)
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drug to lower prolactin
dopamine receptor agonist , more selective for D2 receptor |
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quinagolide (norprolac)
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drug to lower prolactin
nonergot D2 dopamine agonist not available in US |
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desmopressin
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used to treat neurogenic diabetes insipidus, too little ADH
long lasting ADH analog, specific to V2 receptor (water channel production) adverse effect: hyponatremia, due to excessive re-absorption of water |
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oxytocin
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stimulates milk release, uterine contraction
activates G protein coupled receptors (G1 and G11) --> phosphoinositide-Ca 2nd messenger system --> PG and LT release that augment uterine contraction Uses: induce labor, augment labor, reduce postpartum hemorrhage BUT - verify fetal lung in mature, IV infusion |
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atosiban
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oxytocin receptor antagonist
tx preterm labor not approved by FDA |
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LH, FSH
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used to tx:
controlled ovulation induction male infertility toxicity: ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome multiple pregnancies HA depression edema precocious puberty |
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conivaptan, tolvaptan
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tx syndrome of inappropriate ADH (if no tumor or unable to remove)
nonpeptide antagonist of vasopressin receptors - tx for hyponatremia, acute heart failure conivaptan - high affinity for both receptors tolvaptan - higher affinity for V2 (aquaporin one) receptor |
