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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cardiac muscle characteristics
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branching - mono/binucleate - striated - intercalated discs - involuntary
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smooth muscle characteristics
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spindle shaped - mononucleate - involuntary
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skeletal muscle characteristics
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elongated - multiple nuclei - striated - voluntary
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sarcolemma
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plasma membrane that carries impulses initiated by nerves
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intercalated disc
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connection between myocardial cells
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sarcoplasm
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cytoplasm contains myoglobin
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fascicle
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bundle of muscle fibers bound together by connective tissue
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striations
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cause by overlapping actin + myosin
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myofilaments
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filaments that constitute myofibrils
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t-tubules
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extension of muscle cell plasma membrane that protrudes deeply into the muscle cell
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what is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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calcium ions
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the t-tubule is a deep extension of what structure
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sarcolemma
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what is the function of the t-tubule
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muscle contraction is controlled by action potentials travelling along sarcolemma since t-tubules are continuations of the sarcolemma, thy conduct impulses (action potential) deep into the muscle fiber
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what causes the troponin complex to change its configuration
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binding of calcium ions
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what occurs as a result of the troponin complex changing form
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tropomyosin strand moves away from actin binding sites
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what causes the power stroke to occur
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"as myosin heads bind to active sites on the actin filament, it changes from its high energy, ""cocked"" position to its low energy shape, which pulls on the thin filament sliding it toward the center of the sarcomere
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what occurs when ATP attaches to the myosin head
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as a new ATP molecule binds to the myosin heads, the myosin head detach from actin
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what chemical reaction allows the myosin head to return to its high-energy state or its "cocked" position
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hydrolysis of ATP into ADP +P, provides the energy needed to return the myosin head to its high energy or "cocked" position
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