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5 Cards in this Set
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nucleus contains ...
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*most of the genes in eukarotic cells. The mitchondria and chloroplast also contain genes of a eurkaryotic cell.
* nucleus also contains an nuclear envelope * chromosomes * nucleolus |
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The nuclear evelope
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encloses the nucleus and is a phospholipid bilayer. It has protein pores which regulates what is exchanged in the nucleus. It also has nuclear lumina (protein) that lines the interior of the envelope.
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The chromosomes
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*are the instructions for protien synthesis.
*Chromatin= DNA + Protein *there are 46 chromosomes in somatic cells (body cells) *there are 23 chromosomes in gametic cells (eggs and sperm) |
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The nucleolus
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* is a non-membranous organelle and it synthesizes rRNA(ribosomal)
* assembles rRNA and protein into large and small ribosomal subunits. |
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ribosomes fig 6.10
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are rRNA + protein
* they carry out protien synthesis * highly concentrated in cells that manufacture protein. ex pacreatic beta cell: insulin (protein) * it is non -membranous *free ribosomes are suspended in the cytosol and usually produce protein locally. ex enzymes that break down sugar. *bound ribosomes are attached to the rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) or nuclear envelope. These protein are usually destined for membranes, lysosome, or exports and ar more common in pacreatic beta cells. They both can alternate between two roles. |
