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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal urine production |
1-2 ml/kg/hr |
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What are the dog and cat circulating blood? |
D- 90ml/kg C- 56ml/kg |
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How much blood is in a normal swab and lap swab when fully saturated? |
Swab- 10ml Lap- 50ml |
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How do you calculate significant blood loss? What interventions must be taken? |
(Blood loss ÷ circulating blood volume) x 100 = % blood lost 10%< IVFT at 20ml/kg 15%< Colloids 20%< Transfusion |
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For how long can a tourniquet be applied? |
20 min |
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How often should eyes be lubricated? |
Q90 min |
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What gloving technique should be used for all surgical procedures? |
Closed gloving |
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What is the purpose of a purse string suture? |
Shrinks the size of a defect by running round the edge of a wound and pulling tight to close it |
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Define the following SM terms: Knot security Tensile strength Chatter Memory |
Knot security- strength needed before knot breaks Tensile strength- strength before SM breaks Chatter- lack of smoothness as throw of knot is tied Memory- ability of SM to return to its original shape |
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What may cat-gut have to slow absorption? |
Chromic salts |
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What is the brand name; poliglecaprone Polyglactin Polydioxanone Glycomer 631 Polyomide Polypropylene Polyester
Mono curl, biosyn, nylon, vicryl, ethibond, prolene, PDS |
Poliglecaprone- Monocryl Polyglactin- vicryl Polydioxanone- PDS Glycomer 631- biosyn Polyomide- nylon Polypropylene- prolene Polyster- ethiband
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How long does it take for PDS to absorb? |
180 days |
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How are natural SM absorb? How does this differ from synthetic? Which causes tissue reaction? |
N- phagocytosis; tissue reaction S- hydrolysis |
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After how long will non-absorving suture material be encapsulated in tissue? |
60 days |
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What type of suture material is hard to handle? |
Monofilament |
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What may a multifilament SM be coated with? Why? |
Teflon or silicon Combats capilarity and drag |
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What is the difference between biosyn and PDS? |
Biosyn has less memory than PDS |
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What is the difference between metric and USP SM measurements? |
M- diameter in mm eg 2m is smaller than 3m U- diamerer in 0s eg 2-0 is bigger than 3-0 |
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Define the following; Appositional Everting Inverting |
Appositional- two edges brought flatly togetherEverting- two edges turn outInverting- two edges turn in |
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Why might you use a vertical mattress suture? |
Wounds under tension |
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How do passive wound drains work? How does this differ from active? |
Capillary action and gravity Active require suction to create negative pressure |
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How should scissors be passed? |
Rings first with the tips visible facing down |
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What material are instruments normally made from? What is it an alloy of? |
Stainless steel Steel and chromium |
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What happens when you increase the amount of chromium in an instrument? |
It becomes more resistant to corrosion |
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Define the difference between mirror finish, satin finish and ebony finish |
Mirror is highly polished and corrosion resistant Satin avoids glare found with polish finish Ebony eliminates glare |
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What hard wearing material is often added to cutting and gripping surfaces? How are they identified? |
Tungsten carbide Gold handles |
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What should you not do with sharp/cutting edge instruments? Why? |
Autoclaving Steam causes blunting |
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Why can nylon autoclave film not be used with ethylene oxide? |
The gas will not penetrate nylon |
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How does a horizontal or downward displacement autoclave work? What can be sterilised using this? |
Air is displaced downwards and removed by an outlet at the bottom Single instruments |
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What temperature should the room be when using ethylene oxide? |
20 degrees and not more than 35. |
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How does ethylene oxide work? How long does it take? How long should porous materials be allowed to ventilate for? |
It inactivates DNA cells and prevents reproduction 12 hours with a 2 hour purge cycle 24 hours |
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At what temp will bowie dick tape change? What colour will a TST strip change from to? |
121°c Yellow to purple |
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What is the difference between monopolar and bipolar diathermy? |
M- flow of current is from the electrode, through the patient, and to the ground plate B- forceps provide precise haemostasis and the current passes between the tips |
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Define the role of the suction tips; Poole tip Frazier tip Yankauer tip |
P- abdo surgery, many holes in the length to prevent obstruction F- fine tip for delicate procedures with a single opening in the end Y- single openening with a bulbous head for dental |
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What is cryosurgery? |
Destruction of living tissue using extreme cold -20° |
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What is the purpose of a PAT board? |
Transport large dogs to the operating table |
