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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common form of feline lymphoma?
What is the difference between blastic and cytic? |
alimentary -- US are 90% abnormal)
blastic - aggressive cytic - slower |
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Feline alimentary lymphoma is most common with what age cats?
What percent are FeLV positive? |
old
5% |
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What percentge of mediastinal lymphomas in cats are FeLV positive?
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-historically - 75%, now 20%
-these cats are young! |
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Multicentric lymphoma is UNCOMMON in that cat, but what % are FeLV positive?
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30% --> often minimal CSs
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What percentage of CNS feline lymphoma is FeLV positive --> what CS predominate?
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-historically due to epidural space involvment with 85-90% FeLV pos
-now intradural involvement - UMN T2-L4 |
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What is the average remission rate of feline lymphoma with chemo and what is the avg. survival times for all cats?
Is immunophenotype helpful to know? |
50-75%
-4-6 months survival -FeLV positive cats survive 1/2 as long -no, not helpful |
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What is the most common leukemia in cats that are FeLV pos?
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myelomonocytic
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What are leukemia CS associated with?
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-stage of differentiation, regardless of cell type
Acute --> almost always has fever, increased WBCs, and splenomegaly -- feels ill Chronic --> usually incidentally diagnosed |
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Which antigens are important with FeLC?
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gp70 --> attach to and infect cells
p27 --> viral core proteins produced by infected cells can circulate freely |
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Where is the most common place to clear an FeLV infection?
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oropharynx --> high cell mediated immunity
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What percent of cats that are exposed to FeLV become regressors? What does ELISA and FA tests show?
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60%
both are negative |
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What will the ELISA and FA look like with a transient viremic cat?
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ELISA - positive
FE - negative |
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What does the FeLV ELISA detect?
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soluble p27 antigen in serum
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If a cat tests positive on an ELISA, what are the 2 options it can be?
What should you do next? |
transient
permenanet viremia Do a FA or repeat ELISA in 30-60 days in a healthy cat |
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What does a negative ELISA mean?
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-almost always negative
-healthy but recently exposed -sick cat -latent infection |
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When is the only time you will get a positive FA for FeLV?
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permanent viremia
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When might you get a negative on an FE for FeLV?
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-transietly viremic
- not enough leukocytes or platelets on slide -immune carrier - RARE |
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What is the prognosis for a cat that is a progressive/perment carrier of FeLV?
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80% will die within 3 years of being infected
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What are the 4 main types of FeLV related disease?
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1 - hemolymphatic neoplasia
2 - anemia (30% of cats with non-reg anemia are FeLV positive) 3 - immuno-suppression 4 - immune-complex disease |
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When should you biopsy if you suspect a vaccine assoicated sarcoma?
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3-2-1
3 - persists for > 3months 2 - ever greater than 2 cm 1 - still enlarging at 1 month |
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What are causes of polyclonal gammopathy?
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1 - chronic inflammation
2 - parasitism 3 - neoplasa 4 - immune-mediated disease |
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What are neoplastic and infectious causes of monoclonal gammopathy?
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neoplasia - multiple myeloma, lymphoma, leukemia
infectious - Ehrlichia, rarely FIP |
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What does a multiple myeloma secrete?
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IgG or IgA
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What types of hyperviscosity changes might you see with multiple myeloma?
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1 - hemorrhage - proteins coat platelets and impair function
2 - retinal changes 3 - neurologic |
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What are key features to diagnosing a multiple myeloma?
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1 - monoclonal gammopathy
2 - lytic bone lesions 3 - Bence Jones proteinuria 4 - plasmacytosis in BM 5 - PU/PD - renal failure in 50% (bence jones, hypercalcemia) |
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What is the treatment of multiple myeloma?
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Melphan and Prednisone
dogs - respond excellent cats - respond poorly |
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What is the cause of hypertrophic osteopathy - periosteal proliferation with digits affected first?
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increased vagal excitation with resultant periosteal blood flow
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What causes thrombocytopenia with neoplasia?
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1 - DIC
2 - decreased production 3 - sequestration 4 - immune-mediated 5 - chemotherapy |
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What 3 factors cause increased Ca with neoplasia?
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1 - humoral --> PTHrp, parathyroid hormone, Vit D
2 - Locally active factors --> osteoclast activating factor, prostaglandins, TNF 3 - bone destruction |
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What types of neoplasms can cause hyperglycemia?
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1 - insulin-secreting pancreatic islet cell tumors
2 - hepatic 3 - smooth muscle tumors 4 - hemangiosarcoma 5 - lymphoma |
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What is myasthina gravis associated with?
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thymoma
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What ate 4 R/O for localized splenomegaly?
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1 - neoplasia
2 - nodular hyperplasia 3 - hematoma 4 - abcess |
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What are R/O for generalized splenomegaly - hyperplastic?
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hyperplastic - hemolysis, immune-mediated
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What are R/O for generalized splenomegaly - infiltrative?
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neoplasia, extra-medullary hematopoiesis
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What are R/O for generalized splenomegaly - congestive?
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torsion, portal hypertension, drugs
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Where does hemangiosarcoma met?
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LALA - liver, atrium (right), lungs, abdomen
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What is the treatment for hemangiosarcoma?
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splenectomy - 75% with hemoabdomen are malignant
-chemo - doxorubicin - survival is 170f about 100 days more |
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What is the difference in lab findings with acute and chronic splenic torsion?
What is seen on imaging? |
chronic - PU/PD, hemoglobinuria
- C-shaped spleen , splenic gas, splenomegaly, abnormal location |
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What is the most common cause of splenomegaly in the cat?
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systemic mastocytosis
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What type of MCTis associated with systemic mastocytosis in the dog and cat?
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dog - skin
cat - intestinal |
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What is treatment for systemic mastocytosis in the dog and the cat?
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cats - splenectomy --> long term remission
dogs - not very effective (pred and vinblastine) -support with anti-histamines, and sucralfate |
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What LNS are normally palpable?
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- submandibular, prescapular, inguinal , popliteal
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What LNS are only palpable when big?
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axillary
facial retropharyngeal illiac, sublumbar |
