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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of pernatal?
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From 28 wks gestation to 7 days post-birth
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What is the definition of neonatal?
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From birth to 28 days of life.
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Pre-term?
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Birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation
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Term?
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37 completed weeks to 41 w and 6 days
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What is post-term
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Births after 42 completed weeks
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Are all low-weight babies pre-term?
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NO!
However, most pre-terms have low weight (<2.5 kg) |
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What are three complications of preterm birth?
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1) Pulmonary hypertension (likelihood is inversely correlated to gestational age).
2) Intraventricular hemorrhage 3) Necrotizing entercolitis |
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What are the two types of Respiratory Distress Syndrom in neonate?
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Acute Type: Hyaline Membrane Disease
Chronic Type: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
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What are signs of hyaline membrane disease?
What is it? |
Difficulty breathing within 30 min of birth...has a characteristic x-ray.
Cells lining the alveoli haven't become fully matured into pneumocytes that make SURFACTANT (help relieve pressure)...COLLAPSE!!! Cells remain cuboidal columnar epithelium Nutrient exchange is POOR |
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What do you expect to see in the pathology of hyaline membrane disease?
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Dilated respiratory bronchioles (forced ventilation).
Epithelial necrosis. Hyaline membranes.. |
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What is bronchopulmonary dysplasia?
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3 to 6 months of respiratory distress.
Characterized by SWISS CHEESE looking lungs (signs of forced ventilation) Fibrosis. Epithelial regeneration with squamous metaplasia in airways (not pseudostratified) |
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What is an intraventricular hemorrhage?
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Vasculature in the brain is weak and poorly formed.
Hypoxia and other pressure changes can cause rupture of the PERIVENTRICULAR BLOOD VESSELS. Result is hemorrhage. |
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What is necrotizing enterocolitis?
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It is an infection involving the ileum, the cecum and the ascending colon of neonates.
Due to likely immature of gut epithelium, bacteria enter the GI tract. Can cause different pathologies. |
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How does necrotizing entercolitis present?
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Abdominal tenderness, swelling. Abdominal obstruction. Discomfort. Peritonitis, sepsis, shock!
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What are sequelae of this infection?
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Stricture, obstruction Gas build-up (pneumatosis intestinalis), malabsorption (if parts of bowel have to be resected)
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