3A- Land Use And Income Property

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Abutting Property

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Parcels of land directly contiguous , sharing at least one common boundary.

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Acre

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A standard measurement for land.

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Appropriation

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Taking private property for public use through the governments power of eminent domain.

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Also called condemnation

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Appurtenance

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Rights that go with real property ownership

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Area variance

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Variance that entitles landowners to us the land in a way that is typically not allowed by the dime or physical requirements of the zoning law

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As of right zoning

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Refers the the landowners bundle of rights associated with a property

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Building codes

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Govt regulations specifying minimum construction and building standards to safeguard the health safety and welfare of the public

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Certificate of occupancy

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Official document certifying that the structure is safe for occupants and is free of code violations

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Cluster zoning

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Allows developers to provide a varied selection of lot sizes and housing choices within a single area

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Condemnation

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Taking private property for public use , through the government’s power of eminent domain.

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Cumulative zoning

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A method of zoning in which any use permitted in a higher use would be allowed in a lower use zone

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Denisty

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When referenced by zoning requirements the number of building units per acre or the number of occupants or families per unit

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Eminent domain

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The governments constitutional power to take private property for public use as long as the owner is paid just compensation

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Fee simple absolute

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The greatest estate one can have in real property.

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Frontage

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The linear measurement of the number of feet on the front side of the parcel of land

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Green space

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Any vegetated land or water within or adjoining an urban area

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Infrastructure

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A community’s support facilities and services including roads parks Sewers and schools as well as police and fire protection

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Just compensation

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Generally the fair market value for the property

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Land use controls

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Public or private restrictions on how land may be used

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Master plan

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A written doc that identifies goals objectives principles guidelines policies and standards for growth and development of a community.

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Moratorium

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Temporarily suspends the right of property owners to obtain development approvals while local legislators take time to consider draft and adopt land regulations or rules to respond to new or changing circumstances.

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Nonconforming use

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Property use that doesn’t conform to current zoning laws but is allowed bc the property was being used that way before the bee zoning law was passed

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Nonconforming use

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Property use that doesn’t conform to current zoning laws but is allowed bc the property was being used that way before the bee zoning law was passed

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Planning board

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A local entity consisting of appointed members who hold public hearings, investigate solutions for the planning used in the community

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Police power

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The constitutional power of state and local government to enact and enforce laws that protect the public’s health safety and morals

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Restrictive covenant

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A restriction on real property use imposed by a former owner . May or May no run with the land

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Setbacj

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The legal distance that a building must be from a designated position such as a proper line

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Special use

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A land use that does not comply with the general zoning rules for the zone in which its located but is permitted there bc it benefits the public

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Spot zoning

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A redone, often illegal, that favors a particular property owner without justification

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Taking

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When the govt acquired private property for public use by appropriation. (Without compensation to owner)

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Use and occupancy permits

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Docs indicating that a home inspector is satisfied that the building is suitable for occupation by meeting appropriate standard for health and safety

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Use variance

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Allows landowners to use their land in a way that is not permitted under current zoning laws

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Variance

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A permit obtained from the local zoning authority allowing the holder to use property or build a structure in a way that violated the zoning ordinance

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Zoning

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Govt regulations of the use of property within specified areas

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Zoning ordinance

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Local laws that divide a city or county into diff areas or zones

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Census tracts

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Relatively small areas

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Clean air act

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Requires the epa to develop air quality standards for existing pollutants along w establishing standards for new sources of pollution

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Clean air act

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Requires the epa to develop air quality standards for existing pollutants along w establishing standards for new sources of pollution

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Clean water act

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Set national water quality standards and created a regulatory structure for the discharge of pollution

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Clean air act

Back 40

Requires the epa to develop air quality standards for existing pollutants along w establishing standards for new sources of pollution

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Clean water act

Back 41

Set national water quality standards and created a regulatory structure for the discharge of pollution

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CERCLA

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The act created requirements that must be followed for closed or abandoned waste sites and established what could not be done at those sites

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Clean air act

Back 43

Requires the epa to develop air quality standards for existing pollutants along w establishing standards for new sources of pollution

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Clean water act

Back 44

Set national water quality standards and created a regulatory structure for the discharge of pollution

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CERCLA

Back 45

The act created requirements that must be followed for closed or abandoned waste sites and established what could not be done at those sites

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Demography

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The study of the social and economic status of a given area or population

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Environmental hazard

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A situation that exists where there is potential for harm to come to persons or property from conditions that exist in a property or the surrounding areas