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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
According to the levels-of-processing theory, preliminary processing is
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structural
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Orienting tasks are often used in memory studies because
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they help control the memory code formed by the subject |
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Which finding describes the results of an experiment involving memory for unfamiliar faces, constructed from Identikits?
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People, initially shown undistorted faces, were more likely to recognize caricatures than the undistorted faces.
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If you are in a bad mood when you study, the way to maximize your test performance is to be in a bad mood when you take the test.
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True
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The encoding specificity principle states that
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the effectiveness of a retrieval cue depends upon the nature of the initial encoding |
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Which word has the most orthographic distinctiveness?
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the written word afghan
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Which kind of distinctiveness is created by flashbulb memories? |
emotional distinctiveness
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A memory code is |
a representation for storing items in memory, such as the sound of a word that represents an object or action, or a visual image of that object or action
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In an experiment by Adams, subjects were initially provided with information that would help them solve riddles. Which theoretical concept explains why problem-oriented acquisition of this information was better than fact-oriented acquisition?
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transfer-appropriate processing |
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Transfer-appropriate processing proposes that encoding the material should depend on
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how the material is used
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In many memory studies instead of asking a participant to learn things they are asked to make judgments about those things.
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Orienting tasks are important to control the kinds of memory codes formed.
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How information is encoded into memory is not relevant to subsequent retrieval. |
False
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Which of the following is an example of mood dependent memory? People who are in a sad mood at the time of recall should
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recall more if they were in a sad mood when they learned the material
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Encoding specificity is to ____ as transfer-appropriate processing is to ____
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retrieval strategies; encoding strategies c. fact-oriented; problem oriented
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Retrieval cues that differ from the original context work best.
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False
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Elaboration is easiest at which level of processing?
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semantic
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In the Craik and Tulving (1975) study where the time spent processing the information was varied, the results indicate
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time spent processing was less predictive of recall than level of processing
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The results of Craik and Tulving’s experiments supported the prediction that retention would progressively decrease as levels of processing changed from the ____ to the ____ to the ____ level
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semantic, phonemic, structural
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According to Craik and Lockhart, the reason rehearsal often results in learning is that
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he meaning of the material is usually considered
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Reliance solely on rote rehearsal does not necessarily result in encoding information into LTM
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True
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