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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many specialized membranes does an amniotic egg have? |
four |
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What are the four specialized membranes of the amniotic egg? |
amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois |
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What amniotic membrane functions mostly for waste disposal and also functions with another membrane as the respiratory organ? |
Allantois |
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Which membrane does the Allantois function with in respiration? |
Chorion |
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What is the name of the membrane whose only function is gas exchange in amniotic eggs? |
Chorion |
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What is the name of the amniotic membrane that protects the embryo in a fluid-filled cavity that cushions against mechanical shock? |
Amnion |
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What is the name of the nutrient stockpile in amniotic eggs? |
Yolk |
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What is the name of the secondary nutrient storage (not the yolk) in amniotic eggs? |
Albumen |
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What are the shells of bird eggs made of |
calcium carbonate |
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What type of breathing allowed amniotes to develop less permeable skin because of a lack of need for skin-breathing?
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negative pressure breathing |
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What clade includes tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians, and birds? |
reptiles |
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When did the earliest reptiles live? |
310 mya |
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What type of amniote uses behavioral adaptations to regulate their body temperature? |
reptiles |
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What type of body heat requires external heat? |
ectothermic |
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Which reptiles are endothermic? |
birds |
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Which clade do most amniotes branch off into? |
Reptiles |
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What is the name of the surviving lineage of lepidosaurs? |
tuataras |
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Where are tuataras found? |
New Zealand |
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What is the name of the remnant of an ancient, lizard-like reptile? |
tuataras |
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What kind of reptile has a light-sensitive pineal gland on the top of it's head? |
tuataras |
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What taxon consists of lizards and snakes? |
squamates |
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What are the most numerous reptiles alive today aside from birds? |
lizards |
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What is a legless lepidosaur? |
snake |
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What kind of reptile has a few species with parthenogenesis? |
snakes |
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What type of reptile has upper and lower bony shell that fuses with the backbone and pelvis? |
turtles |
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All turtles are oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous?
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Oviparous |
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What is the beak of turtles made of? |
Keratin |
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Which reptile lacks teeth?
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turtle |
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Which amniotic egg organ stores water? |
Albumen |
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What age are crocodilians extant from? |
Triassic |
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What was the earliest known bird but has no extant descendents? |
Archaeopteryx |
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What are feathers made of? |
Keratin |
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What is the hollow, light-weight skeleton of birds an adaptation for? |
flight |
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What is the stubby, feathered tail of birds for? |
Flight maneuvers |
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How many chambers does a bird's heart have? |
Four |
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How many chambers does a crocodilian heart have? |
Four (p.718) |
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If eggs are to have shells before they are laid, what kind of fertilization must they have? |
Internal |
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What group of birds consists only of flightless birds such as the emu and ostrich? |
Ratites |
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Which group of animals has very diverse beaks and feet? |
birds |
