34 Confusing Toefl Words

Front 1

aspect

Back 1

(n)

a feature, a characteristic, a particular part of something ",

When you focus on one aspect of your life at the expense of other equally important aspects, you cannot always escape the consequence
s

Front 2

brief

Back 2

adj; short(about time, not length)

Before we begin class, let me briefly introduce myself.

Front 3

capable

capacity (n)

Back 3

adj able to do

Near the age of twelve months, children are capable of walking.

the amount or volume something can hold ability (especially mental)

The hotel is full to maximum capacity; there are no empty rooms. Few birds have the capacity to recognize themselves when looking in a mirror; most

Front 4

alter(v)

alternative(n, adj)

Back 4

V to change, to adjust

Magazines heavily alter the photos of celebrities they publish.

other than the main option

The menu includes alternatives for students who don't eat meat. Many words in these flashcards have alternative definitions.

Hint 4

Front 5

consist v

opposite of constitute v

Back 5

to be made of

The U.S. consists of fifty states.

to be the pieces that make awhole

Fifty states constitute theU.S.A.!

Front 6

constant adj

stable

sustained adj

sustain verb

constrain verb (confused word)

Back 6

not changing and not stopping; continuous

The river flows constantly through the year and never freezes.

3.continuing for a long time; to help something continue, to keep going

No animals or plants can sustain life without water.

4.to limit the activity of,restrict

Popular belief says that a pet fish's size is constrained by the size of the tank it's in, but this is actually false. o

Front 7

exclude v

include v opp

Back 7

to not include, to not put in a list or group - except st

I eat almost anything, excluding spicy foods. I hate hot pepper.

Front 8

facilitate verb

Back 8

to make easy or easier

Classical music, unlike many types of music, will generally facilitate learning and improve memory.

Front 9

reject

decline (formal)

refuse verbs

Back 9

to say no to something offered

After applying to ten schools, Lucas was rejected by nine of them.

I declined dinner because i had plans to eat with my family instead.

She's in trouble but she's refused all (my offers of) help.

Front 10

deduce verb

evidence n

evident adj

Back 10

1. to come to a conclusion through logic and evidence, to figure out self

By analyzing the bones, we can deduce when the animal lived and, maybe, how it died.

2. clearly seen or understood, obvious

Dogs' feeling are usually evident in their actions.

Front 11

distinct adj

instinct noun

Extinct adj

Back 11

1. clearly different from

There are at least five distinct types of turtle living on the island.

2.the way people or animals naturally react or behave, without having to think or learn about it

It is instinct that tells the birds when to begin their migration.
3. of a type of plant, animal, etc.) no longer in existence

to become extinct

Front 12

instance noun

Back 12

an example, a case

Two animals in Australia (platypuses and echidnas) are the only instances of animals with hair that lay eggs.

Front 13

institute verb, noun

substitute verb

constitute

sufficient adjective

Back 13

1. to start (a rule or system) a group organization

In January, we will institute a plan to make car accidents less frequent.

The National Cancer Institute was created to learn more about, and hopefully cure, the many types of cancer.

2. replace of st ( normally something worse)

Many cigarette smokers who try to quit use chewing gum as a substitute.

3.to be the pieces that make awhole

Fifty states constitute theU.S.A.! !

4.enough

Because of weather changes, last year farms couldn't grow sufficient rice to feed the country.

Front 14

framework

Back 14

a structure for a building, system, or idea.

Ellen's business plan may have failed, but it formed the framework for her next, successful plan.

Front 15

Proceed verb

Process noun

Back 15

1. to begin or continue with someaction

We will not proceed with the construction until someone tells us it is safe to build here.

2. a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result

Increasing the number of women in top management jobs will be a slow process.

Front 16

Progress n, v

Back 16

1. to improve or develop inskills, knowledge, etc.

My Spanish never really progressed beyond the stage of being able to order drinks at the bar.

2. movement to an improved or more developed state, or to a forward position

Technological progress has been so rapid over the last few years.

Front 17

pursue verb

Back 17

to follow, to chase to try to achieve (a dream or goal)

The baby elephant ran, but the pack of lions pursued it.

Man pursued the dream of flight for hundreds of years before the modern airplane was invented.

Front 18

relevant

Back 18

closely connected to the topic and therefore (reasonable) important

I think Professor McGarry can give you some relevant books to help you write that essay.

Front 19

rely

reply;

imply;

Back 19

1. to depend on, to need in order to continue well

In many countries, children rely on their parents for food, money, and housing until they are over 20 years old.

2.respond, answer, react

If you scare a turtle, it will respond by hiding in its shell. i

3. to communicate without saying specifically, to hint at an idea; to lead to a clear conclusion

The president implied that he would not support the new law against selling tobacco, but he didn't say it clearly.

Front 20

Perceive

Receive

deceive

Back 20

1. to be aware of, to sense orfeel.

If hunters are skilled, the animals will not perceive their presence.

2. My friend offered to receive me at the railway station.

3. Trick; to persuade someone that something false is the truth, or to keep the truth hidden from someone for your own advantage

The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones.

Front 21

perspective noun

Back 21

to think about asituation or problem in awise and reasonable way:

You're approaching the problem from a completely different perspective.

Front 22

predict verb

prediction

predictive

predictor

Back 22

1.to say that an event or actionwill happen in the future.

Astronomers can predict the exact time of an eclipse.

4. event or fact that enables to predict

Front 23

site

side nouns

reside verb

Back 23

1. the location of something

The people of the city voted for a site downtown as the location of the new sports stadium.

2. a flat outer surface of an object, especially one that is not the top, the bottom, the front, or the back

Canadian coins have a picture of the British Queen's head on one side.

3. Live in a place

I reside in Venice.

Front 24

source

resource nouns

Back 24

1. where something comes from

Do not trust books that give information without listed sources. The facts could be false.

2. some saved material that can be used for a purpose (especially money, anything used to make energy such as oil, or information sources such as books)

Many of the richest countries have surprisingly few natural resources and must buy oil or gas from other countries.

Never forget to make use of the library during your studies; it's full of great resources.

Front 25

secure verb

security noun

secured adj

Back 25

to attach something so that is won't come off

Please tightly secure the surfboards on top of the car.

Front 26

valid adj

Back 26

from a reasonable ,based on truth, acceptable.

Many people have said the artist Jackson Pollack's work didn't require much skill, and that idea is somewhat valid.

Front 27

correspond verb

respond

Back 27

1. to be a close match; to send letters back and forth

This new paint for the room does not correspond to the old paint. My mother and father corresponded for almost two years before meeting in person.

2. answer/ react

Companies have to respond to the changing economic climate.

Front 28

derive verb

originate from

Back 28

to get or create from (usually "be derived from") to come from, originate from

All plastics are derived from oil.

Many European languages are derived at least partly from Latin.

Front 29

discrete adjectives

separate

Back 29

separate, not the same thing and with no parts in common

Your left arm and right arm are controlled by two discrete areas of the brain.

Those museums look similar but they work discretely.

Front 30

fundamental adjectives

minor (opposite)

Back 30

1.basic, central; extremely important

Alive believes that women are fundamentally different from men.

The fundamental beliefs of most religions are peaceful.

2. not very important; small insize

The old actress was sad she had only a minor role in the new movie.

Front 31

generate verbl>m|pq{6V

generation noun

Back 31

1. to create, to produce (especially energy)

Movement generates heat.

2.stories passed down from generation to generation.

Front 32

hence

therefore adverbs

Back 32

therefore, so, as a result

The evidence is false; hence, the conclusion is also false.

Front 33

issue noun

Back 33

a topic or situation to talk about a problem

In order to define what jazz music is, we need to look at a few different issues.

Monarchies (governments with kings or queens) often have several common issues.

Front 34

justify verbs

prove synonym

Back 34

to give a good reason for an action or situation (especially one that seems bad)

Although Milos explained for a long time, he could not justify borrowing his brother's car without asking.

Front 35

phase nouns

phrase (confused word)

Back 35

1.a period of time in a longer process of change.

There are at least three different phases in a frog's development from egg to adult.

2. a short group of words that are often used together and have a particular meaning:

verb phrase, noun phrase,

Front 36

principle noun

principal (adj, n)

Back 36

a rule or idea that makes the base for a system (often moral) .

The principles at the heart of the new religion are the same as many central beliefs of Christianity.

2. adjective; most important/ (noun)head of the school

The principal reason for the failure to take action was poor communication between government departments.

The college principal made a speech congratulating all the students who were graduating in that year.

Front 37

range verb ; noun

Back 37

the distance between two things (like area, time, or intelligence) to be between a set minimum and maximum.

The range of scores on the test was big. In the company, the age of people ranges from 25 to 75.

Front 38

regulate verb

regular (adj)

regular(person)

Back 38

1.to have control over a process so that it functions properly

Parents regulate the amount of time kids spend playing games on their phones.

2. often, usual

3.someone who often goes to a particular shop, restaurant, etc:

Mick was one of the regulars at the local pub.

Front 39

scheme noun

schedule

Back 39

1.a large plan the system by which something is arranged

The modern scheme for naming different types of plants and animals started around 1800.

2. a list of time or things

The class schedule is available on the website.

a schedule of business expenses

Front 40

Precise adj

Precious adj

Back 40

1. Exact and accurate

This clock is more precise than the last one

2. Valuable

Now, time is more precious for me than gold.