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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the symptoms of Giardia lamblia infection?
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-Malabsorption
-Chronic or acute Diarrhea -Steatorrhea |
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What are the 2 forms of Giardia?
How is it transmitted? |
Cysts/trophs
Transmitted fecal-oral in food and water |
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Where is Giardia endemic?
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In streams - backpackers diarrhea
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In whom is Giardiasis most severe?
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In IgA deficient patients
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What is Cryptosporidium?
How is it transmitted? |
A sporozoan
-Ingestion of fecal contaminate water containing oocysts |
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What type of illness does crypto cause?
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Diarrhea
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Are cryptosporidia invasive?
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No they're extracellular and hang onto the brush border of small intestinal villi
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What infectious agent is common in soil/water/domestic animals and causes illness in AIDs patients with CD4 cnts <60?
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Mycobact. Avium Intracell Complex
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What are the symptoms of MAC infection?
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-Fever
-Night sweats -Weight loss |
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How is MAC diagnosed?
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By seeing AFB in macrophages
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What is a Gram pos Actinomycte that causes small intestinal infections?
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Tropheryma whippelii
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How is Whipples disease diagnosed?
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PAS stain pos macrophages in lamina propria
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In what patient population is Whipple disease most seen?
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White males (10:1 fem)
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What is a possible sequelae from Whipple disease?
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Arthropathy
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What can be seen in Whipple's disease?
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Mesenteric lymphadenopathy
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What small intestine problem is often associated with H. pylori, and in what portion of the bowel?
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-Peptic ulcer
-In first portion of duodenum |
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What is peptic ulcer NOT a precursor to?
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Malignancy
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What are 3 conditions that can increase peptic ulcer frequency?
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-H pylori
-NSAIDs -Zollinger Ellison |
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What are the symptoms and complications of peptic ulcers?
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Sx: Pain/hemorrhage/melena
Compl: Obstruction/perforation |
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Why aren't peptic ulcers such a cause of severe disease anymore?
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Because we can now treat with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors
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Where are biopsies most often done for IBD?
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In the terminal ileum
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What do All Malabsorptive syndromes present with? (4 things)
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-Chronic diarrhea
-often Steatorrhea -Weight loss -Abdominal pain |
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What occurs in malabsorptive syndromes?
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Defective absorption of
-fats -vitamins -carbs -proteins |
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What vitamins become deficient in malabsorptive syndromes? Where is each absorbed
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-Vit B12
-Vit D -Vit A -Iron |
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Where is each vi absorbed?
-B12 -D -Iron |
B12 - terminal ileum
D - duodenum/jejunum Iron - duodenum/jejunum |
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What is the most common malabsorptive syndrome?
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Celiac disease
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What is Celiac disease also called?
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Sprue, Celiac sprue, Gluten sensitive enteropathy
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So what is the problem in Sprue and Celiac disease?
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Gluten - it can't be absorbed.
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What is Gluten?
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A protein found in grain products
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So what improves Celiac disease?
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Not eating gluten
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What small intestine problem is often associated with H. pylori, and in what portion of the bowel?
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-Peptic ulcer
-In first portion of duodenum |
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What is peptic ulcer NOT a precursor to?
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Malignancy
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What are 3 conditions that can increase peptic ulcer frequency?
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-H pylori
-NSAIDs -Zollinger Ellison |
|
|
What are the symptoms and complications of peptic ulcers?
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Sx: Pain/hemorrhage/melena
Compl: Obstruction/perforation |
|
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Why aren't peptic ulcers such a cause of severe disease anymore?
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Because we can now treat with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors
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Where are biopsies most often done for IBD?
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In the terminal ileum
|
|
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What do All Malabsorptive syndromes present with? (4 things)
|
-Chronic diarrhea
-often Steatorrhea -Weight loss -Abdominal pain |
|
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What occurs in malabsorptive syndromes?
|
Defective absorption of
-fats -vitamins -carbs -proteins |
|
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What vitamins become deficient in malabsorptive syndromes? Where is each absorbed
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-Vit B12
-Vit D -Vit A -Iron |
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Where is each vi absorbed?
-B12 -D -Iron |
B12 - terminal ileum
D - duodenum/jejunum Iron - duodenum/jejunum |
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What is the most common malabsorptive syndrome?
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Celiac disease
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What is Celiac disease also called?
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Sprue, Celiac sprue, Gluten sensitive enteropathy
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So what is the problem in Sprue and Celiac disease?
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Gluten - it can't be absorbed.
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What is Gluten?
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A protein found in grain products
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So what improves Celiac disease?
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Not eating gluten
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What happens when Apoprotein B is deficient and Free fatty acids can't be assembled into chylomicrons?
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Triglycerides build up within cells and form lipid vacuoles
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What is the hallmark morphology seen in abetalipoproteinemia?
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Acanthocytosis
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