3 - Deep Neck

Front 1

what is the only bony attachement between the upper extremity and the trunk?

Back 1

the sternoclavicular joint

-a synovial joiint with an articular disc between the clavicle and sternum, surrounded by a fibrous capsule; infections here are uncommon, but those that occur are due to IV drug abuse

Front 2

at what vertebral level does the common carotid artery split?

Back 2

C3-C4 level (in the vicinity of the mandible

Front 3

carotid aa vs. vertebral arteries: which has greater % of blood supply to brain?

Back 3

carotid aa: 2/3
vertebral aa: 1/3

Front 4

name the branches of the internal carotid a. in the neck

Back 4

THERE ARE NONE!

it goes straight up to the brain

Front 5

name the branches of the external carotid a. in the neck

Back 5

Some Aggie Love Football On Pretty Saturday Mornings
Superior thyroid
Ascending laryngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
Superficial Temporal
Maxillary

Front 6

What are contained in the carotid sheath?

Back 6

Internal and common carotid aa.
Internal jugular v.
Vagus n. (X)

Front 7

what is the primary drainage of the brain?

Back 7

the internal jugular v.

-begins at jugular fossa and descends LATERALLY along the carotid artery
-often used as a IV site when peripheral veins are unavailable

Front 8

what is the path of blood after the internal jugular v?

Back 8

IJV --> joins with subclavian to become brachiocephalic v --> SVC

Front 9

Is the cervical plexus composed of dorsal or ventral rami?

Back 9

ventral rami (C1-C4)

Front 10

cutaneous nn of the neck come from loops between what spinal nn's?

motor or sensory?

what do they supply (mm's)?

Back 10

C2-C3 & C3-C4

motor

1) strap mm of anterior cervical triangle, 2) geniohyoid of tongue, 3) twigs to trapezius, levator scapulae, and middle scalene mm.

Front 11

what is the name of the large loop formed by the cervical plex loops?

Back 11

ansa cervicalis

has inferior root coming from spinal nerves and superior part ascending to run next to hypoglossal n. for a short time

Front 12

The internal carotid artery has a bulb containing a sinus and a body at the base of its bifurcation off of the common carotid.
Which is a chemoreceptor, and which is a baroreceptor?

Back 12

The carotid sinus is an outpouching of the internal carotid artery at the base. It contains baroreceptors (bp).
The carotid body is actually between the internal and external carotid aa's and contains chemoreceptors(ppO2 & etc)

Front 13

muscles of the root of the neck (3)

OIAN

Back 13

scalenus anterior, medius, and posterior mm.
O: transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae
I: s. ant- scalene tubercule of 1st rib
s. medius- 1st rib
s. post- 2nd rib
A: to elevate ribs during respiration; bilaterally stabilize neck
N: twigs from adjacent cervical nerves

Front 14

what comes out between the anterior and middle scalene mm's that is very important for orientation?

Back 14

the upper roots of the brachial plexus

Front 15

where do left and right subclavian aa's branch from?

where do they terminate?

Back 15

right - off of brachiocephalic trunk
left - off of aortic arch

runs posterior to anterior scalene m. and terminates at the lateral border of 1st rib --> axillary a.

Front 16

how do we divide the subclavian a.?

Back 16

3 divisions:
medial to anterior scalene m.
posterior to anterior scalene m.
lateral to anterior scalene m.

Front 17

the thoracic duct on the left, and the lymphatic duct on the right can be found anterior to the subclavian a. at the ________________ angle

Back 17

jugulosubclavian angle

Front 18

______ _______ loops around the subclavian a. and joins the middle and inferior cervical trunks of the sympathetic chain

Back 18

ansa subclavia

Front 19

In addition to proximity of the ansa subclavia and thoracic/lymphatic ducts, the 1st part of the subclavian has these 3 branches:

Back 19

-vertebral a.
-thyrocervical trunk with 3 branches:
1. transverse cervical a., 2. suprascapular a., 3. inferior thyroid a.
-internal thoracic a.

Front 20

the thyrocervical trunk off of the 1st part of the subclavian a. has these 3 branches:

Back 20

1) transverse cervical a. (w/ superficial branch to trapezius and deep branch to rhomboideus m.)
2) suprascapular a. (over lig.)
3) internal thyroid a. (lower thyroid gland, superior comes off of external carotid a.) & has ascending cervical branch

Front 21

the 2nd part of the subclavian a. (posterior to the anterior scalene m) has 1 branch that branches into 2

Back 21

the branch off of the 2nd part of the subclavian a. is the costocervical trunk with these branches:
1) deep cervical a.
2) highest intercostal a.

Front 22

the parietal pleura from chest cavity that extends in to the neck to become cervical pleura is called ________

Back 22

the cupula of the pleura

the first and 2nd parts of the subclavian a. sit on this cupula

Front 23

name the branches on the 3rd part of the the subclavian a., lateral to the anterior scalene m.,

Back 23

usually there are NONE, but sometimes the occipital suprascapular, descending scapular, and dorsal scapular aa. may be found here,

Front 24

what two arteries pin down the phrenic nerve as it travels along the surface of the anterior scalene m?

Back 24

transverse cervical and suprascapular aa.(from thyrocervical trunk)

Front 25

what artery usually parallels the phrenic n.?

Back 25

the acsending cervical a. (from the inferior thyroid a. from the thyrocervical trunk)

Front 26

the vagus n. (X) and sympathetic trunk usually lie medial to the _________ n. (C3-C5)

Back 26

phrenic

Front 27

the recurrent laryengeal n. branches from of what nerve, and what does it loop under on the right side? the left side? what does it supply?

Back 27

-branch of the vagus n (X) that passes anteriorly to subclavian a.
-on left side, it loops under aortic arch
-on right side, it loops under brachiocephalic trunk/subclavian a.
-it supplies the intrinsic mm of the larynx except the cricothyroid

Front 28

the sympathetic chain in the head is fused together into 3 ganglia (instead of 8), name the ganglia and their location.

Back 28

Superior cervical ganglon: at top of chain
Middle cervical ganglion: near vertebral a. at about C6
Inferior cervical ganglion: near vertebral a. at level of first ribl sometimes fused with the first thoracic ganglion.

Front 29

the _________ __________ connects the middle and inferior cervical ganglia

Back 29

the ansa subclavia

Front 30

if the inferior cervical and 1st thoracic ganglia fuse, it is called...

Back 30

a STELLATE ganglion

Front 31

a pancoast tumor is a tumor at the ____ __ ___ ____. It causes _____________ syndrome.

Back 31

pancoast tumor @ apex of the lung

causes Horner's Syndrome with the loss of sympathetic supply to the head; the pupil becomes constricted and the eyelid is droopy

Front 32

the thyroid is inferior to the thyroid cartilage and has 2 lobes connected by an isthmus; sometimes a pyramidal lobe is present. Identify the arterial (3 aa's) and venous supply (3 vv's) to the thyroid.

Back 32

aa: 1. Superior thyroid (from external carotid a.), 2. Inferior thyroid a. (from thyrocervical trunk, from subclavian a.), 3. thyroid ima a. (from aorta; only present in 10%)

vv's:
1) superior thyroid v. (drains into internal jugular v.), 2) middle thyroid v. (drains into internal jugular v.), 3) inferior thyroid v. (drains into the brachiocephalic v.)

Front 33

where are the parathyroids located, and what are they involved in?

Back 33

parathyroids are on posterior aspect of thyroid and are involved in Ca2+ absorption