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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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perikaryon (aka soma), afferent processes are called ______, efferent processes are called ______
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- nerve cell body
- dendrites - axons |
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nissl substance & where does it not exist?
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- RER, ribosomes
- does not exist in axon hillock that is how you can tell |
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motor/autonomic neurons are _____polar. Sensory are _____polar or _____bolar.
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- multipolar
- pseudounipolar or bipolar - bipolar are restricted to eye & ear |
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Nerve cell bodies of motor neurons reside in _______, sensory neurons in ______, autonomic neurons in ______.
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- ventral horn, brain stem (for cranial nerves)
- dorsal root ganglia, cranial ganglia (for cranial nerves) - peripheral ganglia |
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A clump of cells within the CNS is called a ______, in the peripheral nervous system it is a _______
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- nucleus
- ganglion |
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What are the supporting cells in the ventral horn?
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- neuroglial cells
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What are 3 targets of the sympathetic nervous system? Paraympathetic 3?
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1) smooth muscle
2) cardiac muscle 3) sweat glands (ONLY type of gland) 1) smooth muscle in viscera 2) cardiac muscle 3) all other glands - absent from extremities & body wall |
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Support cells of the enteric nervous system are similar to _____ in the CNS (ie not _____ cells in the peripheral nervous system)
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- astroglia
- Schwann cells |
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How do autonomic motor nerves work?
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- two neuron system
- first neuron cell body in CNS --> second neuron cell body in peripheral ganglia |
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Most peripheral nerves are a mix of what?
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- motor, sensory, autonomic
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The outer CT of a bundle of nerve fasicles is called ______, the CT surrounding the fascicles is called the ______, inner surrounding nerve fibers is called _______
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- epineurium
- perineurium - endoneurium |
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All peripheral axons are supported by _________. One of these cells will invest multiple unmeylinated axons, however only ____ cell can myelinated a single axon.
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- schwann cells
- one |
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Axons/schwann cells are invested by _______ forming the ________ barrier.
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- perineurium
- blood-nerve |
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When you see nuclei in the wavy appearance of the nerve slides, who do they belong to?
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- fibroblasts from endoneurium
- schwann cells |
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What are the neurokeratin remnants seen around myelinated axons? The Schwann cell cytoplasm on the inside & outside of myelin is called the __________.
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- when make prep can't see myelin sheath so see leftover protein in cytoplasm - called neurokeratin
- neurilemma |
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Sensory & motor neurons are _____ whereas autonomic fibers are ________
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- myelinated
- unmyelinated |
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nodes of ranvier
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- where schwann cells meet
- exposed end is involved in AP conduction located |
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___________: AP can’t pass through the myelin, so best it can do is jump from node to node, make AP much faster
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saltatory conduction
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Schmidt-Lanterman incisures (clefts)
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- cytoplasmic connection to allow for communication b/w schwann cell & axon
- |
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Autonomic neurons: 1st neuron is_________, 2nd neuron is not _______
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- myelinated
- unmyelinated |
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Differences between sensory peripheral cell bodies and autonomic?
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- sensory have central nuclei & ring of satellite cells
- autonomic have eccentric nucleus, satellite cells cannot form complete ring b/c of all the processes |
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mytenteric plexus is also called what?
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- Auerbach's
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Nerve fiber distal to damage will degenerate via _______ degeneration. Muscle atrophy will occur. Where is nerve generation more easy PNS or CNS? Why?
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- Wallerian
- PSN b/c macrophages clear up the degenerated cells & schwann cells can infiltrate & new axons can sprout - CNS is harder b/c insufficient removal of debris & astrocytes left over & proliferate & form big scar net called glial scar --> block regrowth |
