Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 3 types of MHC?
|
Class 1 - ABC
Class 2 - DR, DP, DQ Class 3 - Complement related |
|
what cells have MHC Class 1?
|
1: all nucleated cells except neurons and striated muscle
|
|
what cells have MHC class 2?
|
-B cells
-mono/macrophages -Activated Tcells -Intestinal epithelial cells. |
|
What is Primary lymphoid tissue?
|
Bone marrow
Thymus |
|
What is 2ndary lymphoid tissue?
|
Lymph nodes
Spleen Bone Marrow |
|
what are the important T-cell markers?
|
1-5, 7/8
|
|
What is CD1 on?
|
Thymocytes
|
|
What is CD2?
|
E-rosette marker
|
|
What is CD3 on?
|
Mature T-cells, associated with TCR
|
|
What is CD4 on?
|
Helper T-cells
|
|
What is CD5?
|
Pan t-cell
|
|
What is CD7?
|
pan-tcell
|
|
What is CD8 on?
|
Suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells
|
|
What are the 4 Tcell types?
|
-Helper
-DTH -Suppressor -Cytotoxic |
|
What CD and MHC are assoc w/:
-T Helper cells? -T cytotoxic cells? |
Th = CD4 and MHCII
Tc = CD8 and MHCI |
|
Which cells are the major effectors in graft rejection?
|
Tc cells
|
|
What is required from Th cells to stimulate Tc cells?
|
IL-2
|
|
What is the normal value of Tcells?
|
70-85% of all lymphs
|
|
What percent of all lymphs is
-Th cells? -Tc cells? |
Thelper = 50-60%
Tcytoxc = 20-25% |
|
What is the normal Th/Tc ratio?
|
2:1
|
|
What are the important Bcell markers?
|
-CD10/CD19/CD20
-sIg -HLA-DR |
|
What is CD10?
What is its importance? |
CALLA early pre-B marker, important in childhood leukemia
|
|
What is CD19?
|
pan B-cell
|
|
What is CD20?
|
Pan B-cell
|
|
What is sIg? What is its importance?
|
Surface Immunoglobulin, if detected it confirms its a B
|
|
What is HLA-DR?
|
Class II MHC
|
|
What are characteristics of a T-independent Bcell response?
|
-IgM production only
-No memory -Only certain Ag's induce -Specific -Ag's removed by RES or C' |
|
What type of gammopathy is seen in a T-indep. Bcell response?
|
Monoclonal - each cell has only 1 heavy/1lite chain.
|
|
What is the normal Bcell percent of all lymphs?
|
10-15%
|
|
Where in the body are the most Bcells?
|
Lymph nodes and Spleen
|
|
What is the normal percent of NK cells in all lymphs?
|
10%
|
|
How do NK cells kill?
|
-ADCC
-Lymphokine-stimulated |
|
What are the important markers on NK cells?
|
CD16
CD56 CD57 |
|
How is an absolute T4 or T8 cell count calculated?
|
Absolute lymph x % of Tcell
|
|
What type of receptor do macrophages/monocytes have lots of?
|
Fc receptor
|
|
Can macro/monos bind any cell?
|
No; need a receptor.
|
|
What can macros/monos recognize?
|
Cells coated w/ Ab
Cells coated w/ Complement |
|
How do Macro/Monos function?
|
-Antigen processing
-Antigen presentation |
|
What happens when Macro/monos present antigen?
|
They secrete Il-1 to assist Tcell prolif and IL-2 prod.
|
|
What is the normal range for MAcro/monos?
|
132-770/uL
|
|
Where are the majority of macro/monos found?
|
In the tissues - 400x more than in circulation.
|
|
What are the important cell markers on macro/monos?
|
CD14, CD4 (dim), HLA-DR
|
|
List the congenital primary T-cell disorders:
|
1. Digeorge's Syndrome
2. Nezeloff Syndrome |
|
List the acquired primary T-cell disorders:
|
1. AIDS
2. Autoimmune 3. Lymphoid malignancy |
|
List the congenital primary B-cell disorders:
|
1. Bruton's X-linked agammaglobulinemia
2. Selective IgA deficiency 3. CVID 4. Hyper IgM Syndrome |
|
List the acquired primary B-cell disorders:
|
1. Autoimmune
2. Malignancies 3. CVID |
|
List the combined immunodeficiencies:
|
1. SCIDS
2. Wiscott-Aldrich Syndrome 3. CID 4. Ataxia-Telangiectasia |
|
Quickly, what is another name for CID (comb. immunodef)?
|
Bare lymph syndrome - no DR
|
|
What 2 basic types of lab tests are done to differentiate the cmi's?
|
1. Functional assays
2. Cell marker analysis by flow |
|
What are the 2 functional assay types?
|
1. Mitogens
2. MLC |
|
what is the basic principle of functional assays?
|
Utilize radio-labeled thymadine uptake to show proliferation.
|
|
What are mitogens?
|
Things in nature that stimulate proliferation.
|
|
what is mlc?
|
mixed lymphocyte cultures
|
|
what is the principle of MLC?
|
also uses radio-labeled thymadine uptake to illustrate proliferation of cells.
|
|
List 3 Mitogens:
|
PHA - phytohemagglutinin
pwm - pokeweed mitogen ConA - Concanaalin A |
|
What do the mitogens stimulate?
-PHA -PWM -ConA |
PHA stimulates Tcell prolifn.
PWM stimulates T/B cells ConA stimulates Tc cells |
|
How does MLC differ from mitogens?
|
The stimulation comes from irradiated lymphs, placed in culture with the test lymphs.
|
|
What sample types can flow cytometry be used on?
|
-blood
-bone marrow -tissue |