3/3 Exam History Textbook 308-320

Front 1

Little ice age

Back 1

Period of cooler weather in Europe begin in around the start of the 14th century

Front 2

Black death

Back 2

Epidemic of bubonic plague that killed one-third to one-half of the people of Europe between 1347 and 1351

Front 3

Giovanni

Back 3

Influential florentine author of The Decameron and other literary works

Front 4

Confraternities

Back 4

Associations dedicated to the public performance of acts of charity and penance during the plague

Front 5

Flagellants

Back 5

Groups who ritually whipped themselves in public to atone for the sins of humanity during the plague

Front 6

Scapegoats

Back 6

Any group that innocently bears the blame of others

Front 7

Cog

Back 7

Sailing cargo ship with a rounded hull

Front 8

Hanseatic league

Back 8

Association of North German merchants formed to protect their trading interests

Front 9

Robert Bruce

Back 9

King Robert l of Scotland, who successfully resisted English attempts to impose lordship over his kingdom

Front 10

Edward lll

Back 10

King of England whose claim to the throne of France was largely responsible for the hundred years' war

Front 11

Guyenne

Back 11

Region in southwest France, originally a art of aquitaine, under English rule from the 12th to the mid 15th century

Front 12

Hundred years' war

Back 12

The long conflict between the kings of England and France

Front 13

Crecy

Back 13

Battle in 1346 between English and French armies in which the English gained advantage with the longbow and France lost mocha of its nobility

Front 14

Longbow

Back 14

Bow 6 ft high that had been used by the Welsh to resist the English and then adopted by the English army, where it proved decisive in Edward lll's battle in France

Front 15

Poitiers

Back 15

Battle in 1356 that marked the second defeat of French army by the English, during which the French king was captured and held in england for ransom

Front 16

Dauphin

Back 16

Title of the eldest son of the king of France, usually the heir to the throne

Front 17

Conscription

Back 17

Military draft; involuntary recruitment of soldiers from among the people

Front 18

Chivalry

Back 18

Code of military and courtly conduct among the nobility that valued mercy in battle, Christian duty, and defense of women

Front 19

Chevauchees

Back 19

Mounted warriors whose purpose was to destroy crops and terrorize the people of the countryside

Front 20

Henry V

Back 20

King of England who revived the hundred years' war

Front 21

Agincourt

Back 21

Battle in 1415 in northern France in which the army of Henry V defeated the army of Charles VI of France

Front 22

Joan of Arc

Back 22

Peasant girl who lead french troops to victory over the English at Orleans in 1429; later captured by English and burned at the stake as a witch

Front 23

Jacquerie

Back 23

Peasant revolt of 1358 in northern France directed mainly at the nobility

Front 24

Ciompi Revolt

Back 24

Revolt in Florence in 1378 investigated by wool carders

Front 25

Piazza

Back 25

Public square in an Italian city

Front 26

Head tax

Back 26

Fixed tax all residents of a locality are expected to pay

Front 27

Peasants revolt

Back 27

An uprising in the summer of 1381 of commoners from mainly southeast England seeking greater political liberty that was quickly suppressed by King Richard ll's forces

Front 28

Militia

Back 28

An armed group of people from one town or region whose self-appointed or assigned purpose was to protect their locality

Front 29

Wat Tyler

Back 29

Leader of the English peasants' revolt