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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of bone tumor arises within a bone organ?
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Primary
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Where do the majority of primary bone tumors arise?
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Within medullary cavity
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Where is a rare site for primary bone tumors to arise?
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Cortical surface of bone organ
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What are primary bone tumors that arise within the medullary cavity called?
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Central or medullary
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What are primary bone tumors that arise on the cortical surface called?
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Peripheral or periosteal
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What type of bone tumor is more prevalent in dogs?
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Malignant (98%)
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3 benign bone tumors
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- Osteochondromas
- Osteomas - Chondromas |
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What type of benign bone tumor isn't actually a tumor, but rather a developmental abnormality of endochondral ossification?
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Osteochondroma
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Osteochondroma (define)
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A developmental abnormality of endochondral ossification
- Not a real tumor |
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3 major clinical concerns with dogs having osteochondromatosis
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- Lameness
- Dog shouldn't be bred - Malignant transformation of cartilage cap |
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What is a benign, contoured bony tumor formed by idiopathically perturbed bone lining cells?
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Osteoma
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What are benign growths of hyaline cartilage?
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Chondromas
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Where are chondromas found? (3)
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- Nasal cavity
- Ribs - Sternum |
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Most common site for chondromas
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Benign cartilage nodules in mammary tissue
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Radiographic features of bone tumors
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Solitary bone lesion in which bone architecture is destroyed at a rate that exceeds ability of bone organ to repair
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3 bone tumors that produce just lytic bone lesions
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- Fibrosarcomas
- Hemangiosarcomas - Liposarcomas |
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3 bone tumors that produce lytic bone lesions accompanied by multifocal punctate radiolucencies
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Tumors of:
- Lymphoid - Plasmacytoid - Myeloid origin |
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What pathology do osteosarcomas produce?
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Lytic bone accompanied by mixed and sclerotic radiographic patterns
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What kind of tumor produces a nodular pattern resembling mineralized popcorn?
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Chondrosarcomas
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What feature do malignant bone tumors exhibit between radiographic area of cortical and cancellous bone destruction?
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Long 'zone of transition'
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Periosteal response to a primary bone sarcoma
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'Hair on end' appearance
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Which malignant primary bone tumor is the most common?
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Osteosarcoma
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4 radiographic patterns produced by osteosarcomas
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- Purely lytic
- Mixed - Dense - May send 'streaming' calcified matrix int soft tissue beyond the periosteal reaction |
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What breeds of dogs are usually affected by osteosarcomas?
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Large and Giant breeds
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Prevalence of osteosarcomas in Axial skeleton
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25%
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Prevalence of osteosarcomas in Appendicular skeleton
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75%
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Prevalence of osteosarcomas in forelimbs
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66%
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What region do osteosarcomas spare?
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Elbow region
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Mortality of osteosarcomas
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Dead of metastatic disease in 6 months if dog is only treated with amputation
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What is hypertrophic osteopathy?
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Condition characterized by production of a periosteal new bone response centered primarily on the cortical surfaces of the diaphyses of distal long bones of the limbs in response to space occupying lesions in the thoracic cavity or lungs
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Which malignant bone tumor type makes up 85% of malignant bone tumors?
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Osteosarcomas
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Which malignant bone tumor type makes up 10% of malignant bone tumors?
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Chondrosarcomas
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What breed category is most often affected by chondrosarcomas?
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Large only
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Life expectancy of dogs with chondrosarcoma vs osteosarcoma
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Longer, because chondrosarcomas grow slower
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3 types of tumors found in secondary bone tumors
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- Carcinomas
- Sarcomas - Melanomas |
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What triggers hypertrophic osteopathy?
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Metastatic tumors in the lungs
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Radiographic pattern of synovial sarcomas of joint capsules
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Multifocal bone destruction on the ends of bones on both sides of a joint
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