2Vm - Pathology - Test Ii - Morphology

Front 1

Which type of DNA viruses has these characteristics?
- Cause cell death
- Spread of infection
- Non-oncogenic

Back 1

Productive

Front 2

Which type of DNA viruses has these characteristics?
- Integration
- No spread
- Tumor cells formed

Back 2

Transforming

Front 3

Liver doesn't synthesize urea correctly, so NH4 levels rise causing CNS signs and toxicity. What condition is this?

Back 3

Hepatic encephalopathies

Front 4

What is hepatic encephalopathy related to in dogs?

Back 4

Portosystemic shunts

Front 5

What is hepatic encephalopathy related to in horses?

Back 5

Acute liver disease

Front 6

What is hepatic encephalopathy related to in cattle?

Back 6

Chronic liver disease

Front 7

Two histologic features of reversible hepatocellular injury

Back 7

- Vacuolation
- Atrophy

Front 8

Two general causes of atrophy of hepatocytes

Back 8

- Lack of growth factors reaching liver
- Pressure from surrounding viscera

Front 9

Four types of necrosis

Back 9

- Single cell
- Coagulative
- Liquefactive
- Caseous

Front 10

What defines a coagulative necrosis?

Back 10

Cells maintain outline

Front 11

What defines a liquefactive necrosis?

Back 11

Rapid digestion of dead cells by hydrolytic enzymes
- Loss of cellular architecture

Front 12

What defines a caseous necrosis?

Back 12

Friable material with cheese-like consistency within a wall of granulomatous inflammation

Front 13

Six patterns of necrosis of the liver

Back 13

- Focal/multifocal
- Centrilobular
- Midzonal
- Periportal
- Massive
- Piecemeal

Front 14

What causes centrilobular necrosis? (2)

Back 14

- Hepatocytes furthest from portal vein are susceptible to hypoxia
- Viral infections

Front 15

What causes periportal necrosis?

Back 15

Unmetabolized toxins

Front 16

What causes midzonal necrosis?

Back 16

High enough [enzyme] to perform phase I but not enough to perform phase II, so reactive intermediates from phase I are just hanging around and start messing up the joint

Front 17

Morphological term for liver changes caused by chronic passive congestion

Back 17

Nutmeg liver

Front 18

What are multifocal lesions of fibrosis and chronic inflammation of the liver caused by larval ascarid migration called?

Back 18

Milk spots

Front 19

Morphology of acute hepatotoxicity (3)

Back 19

- Enlarged liver
- Accentuated lobular pattern
- Edema of gallbladder wall

Front 20

Morphology of chronic hepatoxicity

Back 20

Small, shrunken, nodular

Front 21

Disease characterized by Spherical, sharply demarcated nodules
- Benign
- Affects older dogs

Back 21

Hyperplastic Liver nodules

Front 22

Disease characterized by Massive enlargement of single lobe or diffuse involving multiple lobes

Back 22

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Front 23

Gross appearance of bilary adenomas (cholangiomas)

Back 23

White, solid, or cystic masses of well-differentiated bile ductules
- Benign
- Affects older cats

Front 24

Gross appearance of Biliary carcinomas (cholangiocarcinomas)

Back 24

Multifocal, solid, white/tan, depressed
- Locally invasive
- Malignant
- Affects older dogs

Front 25

Gross appearance of cystic mucinous hyperplasia of the gall bladder

Back 25

Numerous clear to yellow/green nodules

Front 26

Clinically significant form of cystic mucinous hyperplasia

Back 26

Biliary mucocele

Front 27

Disease characterized by:
- Diarrhea
- Weight loss
- Polyphagia

Back 27

Pancreatic acinar atrophy

Front 28

Gross morphology of acute pancreatitis (4)

Back 28

- Swollen
- Edematous
- Variable hemorrhage
- Fibrinous adhesions

Front 29

Chalky white areas of necrosis in peripancreatic fat

Back 29

Saponification

Front 30

Gross morphology of chronic interstitial pancreatitis of cats

Back 30

Smaller, firm, gray, irregular pancreas

Front 31

Morphology of chronic interstitial pancreatitis of cats

Back 31

- Small, firm, irregular pancreas
- Atrophy of acinar tissue
- Fibrosis

Front 32

Morphology of exocrine pancreatic hyperplasia

Back 32

Multiple small, firm, white/tan, slightly raised nodules within pancreas
- Should not be confused as a neoplasm

Front 33

Aggressive malignant neoplasms of acinar or ductular origin that implant on peritoneal surface or metastasize to other organs

Back 33

Exocrine pancreatic carcinomas

Front 34

What muscle disease is characterized by Serous atrophy of fat?

Back 34

Cachectic atrophy

Front 35

Diffuse spread of infection through CT and along fascial planes of muscle

Back 35

Phlegmon

Front 36

What is the cause of eosinophillic myositis?

Back 36

HS to degenerating sarcocysts in skeletal muscle

Front 37

What is nutritional myopathy of cattle AKA?

Back 37

White muscle disease