2Nd Order Unit 1

Front 1

Trapezius - Action

Back 1

superior fibers - elevate and superiorly rotate scapula

middle fibers - retract scapula

inferior fibers - depress scapula

Front 2

Trapezius - Innervation

Back 2

accessory nerve (CN XI)

Front 3

Trapezius - Origin

Back 3

occipital bone (superior nuchal line); ligamentum nuchae; spinous processes of C7-T12

Front 4

Trapezius - Insertion

Back 4

clavicle; acromion process & spine of scapula

Front 5

Latissimus dorsi - Action

Back 5

agonist of arm extension; also adducts and medially rotates arm ("swimmer's muscle")

Front 6

Latissimus dorsi - Innervation

Back 6

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

Front 7

Latissimus dorsi - Origin

Back 7

spinour processes of T7-T12; ribs 8-12; iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia

Front 8

Latissimus dorsi - Insertion

Back 8

intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 9

Rhomboid major - Action

Back 9

elevates & retracts (adducts) scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula

Front 10

Rhomboid major - Innervation

Back 10

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Front 11

Rhomboid major - Origin

Back 11

spinous processes of T2-T5

Front 12

Rhomboid major - Insertion

Back 12

medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle

Front 13

Teres minor - Action

Back 13

adducts and laterally rotates arm

Front 14

Teres minor - Innervation

Back 14

axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Front 15

Teres minor - Origin

Back 15

upper dorsal lateral border of scapula (superior to teres major origin)

Front 16

Teres minor - Insertion

Back 16

greater tubercle of humerus

Front 17

Supraspinatus - Action

Back 17

abducts arm

Front 18

Supraspinatus - Innervation

Back 18

suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Front 19

Supraspinatus - Origin

Back 19

supraspinous fossa of scapula

Front 20

Supraspinatus - Insertion

Back 20

greater tubercle of humerus

Front 21

Subscapularis - Action

Back 21

medially rotates arm

Front 22

Subscapularis - Innervation

Back 22

upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C6)

Front 23

Subscapularis - Origin

Back 23

subscapular fossa of scapula

Front 24

Subscapularis - Insertion

Back 24

lesser tubercle of humerus

Front 25

Serratus anterior - Action

Back 25

agonist in scapula protraction; superiorly rotates scapula (so glenoid cavity moves superiorly); stabilizes scapula

Front 26

Serratus anterior - Innervation

Back 26

long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

Front 27

Serratus anterior - Origin

Back 27

Ribs 1-8, anterior and superior margins

Front 28

Serratus anterior - Insertion

Back 28

medial border of scapula, anterior surface

Front 29

Serratus posterior inferior - Action

Back 29

depresses ribs during exhalation

Front 30

Serratus posterior inferior - Innervation

Back 30

thoracic spinal nerves

Front 31

Serratus posterior inferior - Origin

Back 31

spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebrae

Front 32

Serratus posterior inferior - Insertion

Back 32

inferior borders of ribs 8-12

Front 33

Splenius capitis - Action

Back 33

Unilateral - turns head to same side

Bilateral - extends head / neck

Front 34

Splenius capitis - Innervation

Back 34

cervical spinal nerves

Front 35

Splenius capitis - Origin

Back 35

ligamentum nuchae

Front 36

Splenius capitis - Insertion

Back 36

occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone

Front 37

Iliocostalis - Action

Back 37

extends neck & vertebral column; maintains posture

Front 38

Iliocostalis - Innervation

Back 38

cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 39

Iliocostalis - Origin

Back 39

tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior sacrum, and lumbar spinous processes

Front 40

Iliocostalis - Insertion

Back 40

angles of ribs; transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Front 41

Longissimus - Action

Back 41

extends neck & vertebral column and rotates head; maintains posture

Front 42

Longissimus - Innervation

Back 42

cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 43

Longissimus - Origin

Back 43

tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior sacrum, and lumbar spinous processes

Front 44

Longissimus - Insertion

Back 44

mastoid process of temporal bone and transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Front 45

Spinalis - Action

Back 45

extends neck and vertebral column; maintains posture

Front 46

Spinalis - Innervation

Back 46

cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 47

Spinalis - Origin

Back 47

lumbar spinous processes (thoracic part) and C7 spinous process (cervical part)

Front 48

Spinalis - Insertion

Back 48

spinous process of axis and thoracic vertebrae

Front 49

Semispinalis - Action

Back 49

bilateral - extends vertebral column / neck

unilateral - laterally flexes vertebral column / neck

Front 50

Semispinalis - Innervation

Back 50

cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 51

Semispinalis - Origin

Back 51

transverse processes of C4-T12 vertebrae

Front 52

Semispinalis - Insertion

Back 52

occipital bone & spinous processes of cervical & thoracic vertebrae

Front 53

Multifidus - Action

Back 53

extends vertebral column; rotates vertebral column toward opposite side

Front 54

Multifidus - Innervation

Back 54

cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves

Front 55

Multifidus - Origin

Back 55

sacrum & transverse processes of each vertebrae

Front 56

Multifidus - Insertion

Back 56

spinous processes of vertebrae located 2-4 segments superior to origin

Front 57

Rotatores - Action

Back 57

extends vertebral column; rotates vertebral column toward opposite side

Front 58

Rotatores - Innervation

Back 58

cervical, thoracic, & lumbar spinal nerves

Front 59

Rotatores - Origin

Back 59

transverse processes of each vertebrae

Front 60

Rotatores - Insertion

Back 60

spinous process of immediately superior vertebrae

Front 61

Oblique capitis superior - Action

Back 61

turns head to same side

Front 62

Oblique capitis superior - Innervation

Back 62

suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of 1st cervical spinal nerve)

Front 63

Oblique capitis superior - Origin

Back 63

transverse process of atlas

Front 64

Oblique capitis superior - Insertion

Back 64

inferior nuchal line

Front 65

Rectus capitis posterior major - Action

Back 65

extends head / neck

Front 66

Rectus capitis posterior major - Innervation

Back 66

suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of 1st cervical spinal nerve)

Front 67

Rectus capitis posterior major - Origin

Back 67

spinous process of axis

Front 68

Rectus capitis posterior major - Insertion

Back 68

inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

Front 69

Gluteus maximus - Action

Back 69

extends thigh; laterally rotates thigh

Front 70

Gluteus maximus - Innervation

Back 70

inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Front 71

Gluteus maximus - Origin

Back 71

iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

Front 72

Gluteus maximus - Insertion

Back 72

iliotubial tract of fascia lata; linea aspera and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Front 73

Gluteus medius - Action

Back 73

abducts thigh; medially rotates thigh

Front 74

Gluteus medius - Innervation

Back 74

superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Front 75

Gluteus medius - Origin

Back 75

Posterior iliac crest; lateral surface between posterior and anterior gluteal lines

Front 76

Gluteus medius - Insertion

Back 76

greater trochanter of femur

Front 77

Deltoid - Action

Back 77

anterior fibers - flex & medially rotate arm

middle fibers - agonist of arm abduction

posterior fibers - extend & laterally rotate arm

Front 78

Deltoid - Innervation

Back 78

axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Front 79

Infraspinatus - Action

Back 79

adducts and laterally rotates arm

Front 80

Infraspinatus - Innervation

Back 80

suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Front 81

Teres major - Action

Back 81

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Front 82

Rhomboid minor - Action

Back 82

elevates and retracts (adducts) scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula

Front 83

Serratus posterior superior - Action

Back 83

elevates ribs during forced inhalation

Front 84

Levator scapula - Action

Back 84

elevates scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula (pulls glenoid cavity inferiorly)

Front 85

Levator costarum - Action

Back 85

elevates ribs

Front 86

Splenius cervicis - Action

Back 86

unilateral action - turns head to same side

bilateral action - extends head / neck

Front 87

Interspinalis - Action

Back 87

extends vertebral column; rotates vertebral column to opposite side

Front 88

Intertransversarii - Action

Back 88

lateral flexion of vertebral column

Front 89

Rectus capitis posterior minor - Action

Back 89

extends head / neck

Front 90

Oblique capitis inferior - Action

Back 90

turns head to same side

Front 91

Gluteus minimus - Action

Back 91

abducts thigh; medially rotates thigh

Front 92

Piriformis - Action

Back 92

laterally rotates thigh

Front 93

Superior gemellus - Action

Back 93

laterally rotates thigh

Front 94

Inferior gemellus - Action

Back 94

laterally rotates thigh

Front 95

Obturator internus - Action

Back 95

laterally rotates thigh

Front 96

Quadratus femoris - Action

Back 96

laterally rotates thigh