2Ck Review Renal Gen

Front 1

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) associated wtih abnormal H+ secretion and nephrolithiasis

Back 1

Type I (distal) RTA

Front 2

RTA associated with abnormal HCO3 and rickets

Back 2

Type II (proximal) RTA

Front 3

RTA associated with aldosterone defect

Back 3

Type IV (distal) RTA

Front 4

"Doughy" skin

Back 4

Hypernatremia

Front 5

Differential of hpervolemic hyponatremia

Back 5

Cirrhosis, CHF, nephritic syndrome

Front 6

Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs

Back 6

hypocalcemia

Front 7

THe most common causes of hypercalcemia

Back 7

Malignancy and hyperparathyroidism

Front 8

T-wave flattening and U waves

Back 8

Hypokalemia

Front 9

Peaked T waves and widened QRS

Back 9

Hyperkalema

Front 10

First-line treatment for moderate hypercalcemia

Back 10

IV hydration adn loop diuretics (furosemide)

Front 11

Type of ARF in a patient with FeNA < 1%

Back 11

Prerenal

Front 12

A 49-year-old man present with acute-onset flank pain and hematuria

Back 12

Nephrolithiasis

Front 13

The most common type of nephrolithiasis

Back 13

Calcium oxalate

Front 14

A 20-year-old man presents with a palpable flank mass and hematuria. Ultrasound shows bilateral enlarged kidneys with cysts. Associated brain anomaly?

Back 14

Cerebral berry aneurysms (autosomal-dominant PCKD)

Front 15

Hematuria, hypertenstion, and oliguria

Back 15

Nephritic syndrome

Front 16

Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperlipiduria nd edema

Back 16

Nephrotic syndrome

Front 17

The most common form of nephritic syndrome

Back 17

Membranous glomerulonephritis

Front 18

The most common form of glomerulonephritis

Back 18

IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)

Front 19

Glomerulonephritis with deafness

Back 19

Alport's syndrome

Front 20

Glomerulonephritis with hemoptysis

Back 20

Wegener's granulomatosis and Goodpasture's syndrome

Front 21

Presence of red cell casts in urine sediment

Back 21

Glomerulonephritis/nephritic syndrome

Front 22

Eosinophils in urine sediment

Back 22

Allergic intersitial nephritis

Front 23

Waxy casts in urine sediment and Maltese crosses (seen with lipiduria)

Back 23

Nephrotic syndrome

Front 24

Drowsiness, asterixix, nausea, and a pericardial friction rub

Back 24

Uremic syndrome seen in patients with renal failure

Front 25

A 55 year old man is diagnosed with prostrate cancer. Treatment options?

Back 25

Wait, surgical resection, radiation and/or androgen suppression

Front 26

Low urine specific gravity in the presence of high serum osmolality

Back 26

Diabetes insipidus

Front 27

Treatment of SIADH?

Back 27

Fluid restriction, demeclocycline

Front 28

Hematuria, flank pain, and palpable flank mass

Back 28

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

Front 29

Testicular cancer associated with beta-hCG, AFP

Back 29

Choriocarcinoma

Front 30

The most common type of testicular cancer

Back 30

Transitional cell carcinoma

Front 31

The most common histology of bladder cancer?

Back 31

Transitional cell carcinoma

Front 32

Complication of overly rapid correction of hyponatremia

Back 32

Central pontine myelinolysis

Front 33

Salicylate ingestion occurs in what type of acid-base disorder?

Back 33

Anion gap acidosis and 1* respiratory alkalosis due to central respiratory stimulation

Front 34

Acid-base disturbance commonly seen in pregnant women

Back 34

Respiratory alkalosis

Front 35

Three systemic diseases that lead to nephrotic syndrome

Back 35

DM, SLE, and amyloidosis

Front 36

Elevated erythropoietin level, elevated hematocrit, and normal O2 saturation suggest?

Back 36

RCC or other erythropoietin-producing tumor; evaluate with CT scan

Front 37

A 55 year old male presents with irrative and obstructive urinary symptoms. Treatment options?

Back 37

Likely BPH. Options include no treatment, terazosin, finasteride, or surgical intervention (TURP)