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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are risk factors fo5r DVT?
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Stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulablity (Virchow's triad)
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Criteria for exudative effusion?
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Pleural/serum protein > 0.5; pleural/serum LDH > 0.6
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Causes of exudative effusion?
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Think of leaky capilliaries. Maglignany, TB, bacterial or viral infection, pulmonary embolism with infarct, and pancreatitis
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Causes of transudative effusion?
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Think of intact capilliaries. CHF, liver or kidney disease, and protein-losing enteropathy
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Normalizing PCO2 ina patient having an asthma exacerbation may indicate?
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Fatigue and impending respiratory failure.
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What are results of Sarcoidosis?
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Dyspnea, lateral hilar lymphadenopathy on CXR, noncaseating granulomas, ↑ ACE, and hypercacemia
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PFTs showing ↑ FEV1/FVC?
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Restrictive pulmonary disease?
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PFTs showing ↓ FEV1/FVC?
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Obstructive pulmonary disease (e.g., asthma)
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Honeycomb pattern on CXR.
Diagnosis? Treatment? |
Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Supportive care. Steroids may help
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Treatment for SVC syndrome?
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Radiation
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Treatment for mild, persistent asthma?
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Inhaled β-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids
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Treatment for COPD exacerbation?
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O2, bronchodilators, antibiotics, corticosteroids with taper, smoking cessation
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Treatment for chronic COPD?
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Smoking cessation, home O2, β-agonists, anticholinergics, systemic or inhaled corticosteroids, flu and pneumococcal vaccines
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Acid-base disorder in pulmonary embolism?
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Hypoxia and hypocarbia (respiratory alkalosis)
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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) associated with hypercalcemia?
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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Lung cncer associated with SIADH?
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Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
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Lung cancer highly related to cigarette exposure?
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Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
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A tall white male presents with acute shortness of breat.
Diagnosis? Treatment? |
Spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous regression.
Supplemental O2 may be helpful |
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What is the treatment of tension pneumothorax?
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Immediate needle thoracostomy
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Characteristics favoring carcinoma in an isolated pulmonary nodule?
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Age> 45-50 years; lesions new or larger in comparison to old films; absence of calcification or irregular calcification; size > 2 cm; irregular margins
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Hypoxemia and pulmonary edema with normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
Indicate? |
ARDS
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Sequelae of asbestos exposure
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Pulmonary fibrosis, pleural plaques, bronchogenic carcinoma (mass in lung field), mesothelioma (pleural mass)
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↑ risk of what infection with silicosis?
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Causes of hypoxemia?
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Right to left shunt, hypoventilation, low inspired O2 tension, diffusion defect, V/Q mismatch
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Classic findings for pulmonary edema?
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Cardiomegaly, prominent pulmonary vessels, Kerley B lines, "bat's wing" appearance of hilar shadows, and perivascular and peribronchial cuffing
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