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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is trousseau's sydrome?
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1. Cancer(neoplatic) associated hypercoagulability
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What is Hughe's/APLS syndrome characterized by?(4)
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1. Sticky blood
2. Thrombotic event 3. Thrombocytopenia 4. Anti-dsDNA |
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What cardiac events happen in SLE?
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1. Mitral regurgitation
2. Aortic regurg sometimes 3. Pericaridial effusion |
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What is an FUO?
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1. 3 week fever without a cause
2. TB and cancer are the major causes 3. They outstrip the blood supply and realse cytokines |
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Why are prosthetic vavles high risk?
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1. Abnormal currents and jetty streams
2. Can allow an organism to grow |
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What organisms are involved in infectious endocardititis?(5)
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1. S. aureus
2. Viridans 3. S. bovis 4. E. faecalis 5. Gram neg |
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Why use transesophageal echocardiography?
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1. Because you get a nice close pic of the heart
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What are Roth's spots?
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1. Hemorrhages that travel to the retina
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Where does staph endocarditis affect?
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1. Left side 70 yrs old
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What would thick chordae tendinae indicate?
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1. Rheumatic fever
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Cardiac complications of infectious endocarditis?(6)
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1. Valve destruction and chordal rupture
2. Myocardial abscesses 3. Embolic CA occlusion 4. Anneurysm of sinuses of Valsalva 5. AV block 6. Suppurtive pericarditis |
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What would the EKG show in 1st block? 2nd? BBB?
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1. Long P-R interval
2. No R 3. wide QRS |
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What are mycotic anneurysms?
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1. PMNs destroy the wall of a BV and rupture an infected vessel
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What is a conjunctival hemorrhage?
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1. pin point hemorrhage on the conjunctive
2. Happens in infection endocarditis |
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What are osler's nodes?
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1. Painful red raised lesions in palms or soles
2. Infective endocarditis |
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What are Janeway lesions?
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non-tender, small erythematous or haemorrhagic macular or nodular lesions on the palms or soles only a few millimeters in diameter that are pathognomonic of infective endocarditis. Due to immune complex
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Key sign of IE?
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1. Back pain
2. Due to septic emboli with back ache |
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What type of endocarditis do IVDA get?
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1. Right sided
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Complications of prostetic valves?(2)
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1. Thrombosis with closure and IE
2. Hemolysis and metal fatigue |
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What types of vavles degenerate?
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1. Pig valves
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What is myxomatous degeneration?(3)
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1. A pathological weakening of the collagen
2. Can cause MV prolapse 3. Common in women |
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Difference between the chronic and acute effects of rheumatic fever on the heart?
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1. acute = Mitral regurg
2. Chronic = Mitral stenosis |
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What can cause mitral regurgitation?(5)
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1. IE
2. Acute rheumatic fever 3. HCM 4. DCM 5. MI |
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MV prolapse occurs in these inherited collagen disorders?(4)
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1. Marfan's
2. Ehler's Danlos 3. OI 4. AD polycystic kidney dz |
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Clinical characteristics of Marfan's?(4)
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1. Women
2. Long fingers, thumb over the palm 3. Kyphosis(straght spine) 4. Bird like chest |
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What commonly kills a Marfan?
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Sudden cardiac death
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What is a parachute MV?
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1. It looks like the cusps are billowing like a parachute
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How do you see MV prolapse in echocardiography?
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1. Superior displacement
2. Leaves are thick |
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MVP clincal manifestations?(5)
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1. Atypical chest pain
2. Syncope, dyspnea 3. Premature ventricular contrations 4. Scoliosis 5. Hypomastia |
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What is the most common valve defect?
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aortic stenosis
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Aortic stenosis causes?(3)
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1. Congenital bicuspid valve
2. Post inflammatory with rheumatic fever 3. Degenerative atherosclerotic |
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What does a tricuspid valve look like after rheumatic fever? degnerative aortic stenosis?
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1. Three leaflets are fused
2. Lips are swollen, Calcium nodules on the leaflets |
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How many people have a bicuspid aortic valve?
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1. 1 in 75
2. Can also cause regurg or IE |
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When does sudden death happen?
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1. Never with a stroke
2. Always with fibrillation |
