26-3 Cnidarians

Front 1

phylum of cnidarians:

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cnidaria

Front 2

organisms of cnidaria:

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hydras, jellyfishes, sea anemones, corals

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cnidarians are..

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soft-bodied, carnivorous animals that have stinging tentacles arranged in circles around their mouths

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they are the simplest animals to have __ ___ and ____ ____

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body symmetry and specialized tissue

Front 5

cnidarians get their names from ______.

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cnidocytes

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type of symmetry of cnidarians

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radially

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polyp

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a cylindrical body with armlike tentacles

Front 8

medusa

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a motile, bell-shaped body with a mouth on the bottom

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gastrovascular cavity

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a digestive chamber with one opening

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gastroderm

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the inner lining of the gastrovascular cavity

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epidermis

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outer layer of the cells

Front 12

mesoglea

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a layer that lies between the gastroderm and epidermis

Front 13

How is digestion in a cnidarian both intracellular and extracellular?

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digestion that occurs in the gastrovascular cavity is extracellular, and digestion in completed intracellularly, within in the cell of the gastroderm

Front 14

statocysts

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group of sensory cells that determine gravity

Front 15

ocelli

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eyespots that detect light

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first type of budding a polyp can undergo

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swelling on side of polyp, swelling grows into a new polyp

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second type of budding a polyp can undergo

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polyps produce tiny medusas that separate into new individuals

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sexual reproduction

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male medusa+female medusa= egg.

egg --> zygote --> swimming larva --> polyp

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asexual reproduction

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polyp --> budding polyp --> young medusa

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class of jellyfish

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scyphozoa

Front 21

what does scyphozoa mean?

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"cup animals"

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jellyfishes live primarily in what body plan?

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medusas

Front 23

what class do hydras live in?

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hydrozoa

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the ___ of most hydrozoans grow in branching ____ , and within these, ___ are specialized to perform different functions.

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polyps , colonies , polyps

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example of hydra

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portugese man-of-war

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most common freshwater hydrozoan?

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hydras

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how does a freshwater hydrozoan differ from other cnidarians in this class?

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they lack a medusa stage

Front 28

what class do sea anemones and corals live in?

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anthozoa

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examples of anthozoas

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sea anemones and corals

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sea anemones and corals only have what body plan?

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polyps

Front 31

what does anthozoa mean?

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"flower animals"

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many species in anthozoa are ____.

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colonial

Front 33

what 2 ways can sea anemones obtain their food?

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using nematocytes

depend on nutrients from photosynthesis symbionts

Front 34

what are produced by many coral growing near one another?

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coral reefs

Front 35

why would coral be considered a mutualistic relationship with algae?

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algae capture solar energy, recycle nutrients, while coral provides a home for the algae

Front 36

why ways are humans upsetting the balance of coral reefs?

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overfishing

Front 37

what may cause the extinction of coral reefs around the world?

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coral bleaching