2.4 Looking Inside The Cells

Front 1

organism

Back 1

An organism is a living thing.

Front 2

anaphase

Back 2

Anaphase is the 4th stage of mitosis when the chromosomes are separated from each other.

Front 3

cell

Back 3

A cell is the smallest functional unit of all things.

Front 4

metaphase

Back 4

Metaphase is the 3rd stage of mitosis when the two copies of the chromosomes line up in the center of the parent cell.

Front 5

mitochondria

Back 5

The mitochondria are organelles found in the cytoplasm of a cell that helps the cell convert food into useable energy.

Front 6

mitosis

Back 6

Mitosis is the process of cell division in which a parent cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells, each with same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Hint 6

Mitosis has 5 phases or stages

Front 7

nucleus

Back 7

The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains the genetic material.

Hint 7

The nucleus controls the rest of the cell and is like the brain of the cell.

Front 8

Chromatin

Back 8

Thin strands in the nucleus that directs the rest of the cell. The chromatin contain genetic material known as DNA.

Front 9

cell membrane

Back 9

The cell membrane is the barrier around the cell's cytoplasm. The cell membrane controls what substances come into and out of a cell

Front 10

DNA

Back 10

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Hint 10

DNA makes chromosomes

Front 11

chromosomes

Back 11

Chromosomes are genetic structures that affect cell activity.

Front 12

endoplasmic reticulum

Back 12

Endoplasmic reticulum are pathways in the cytoplasm of the cell that help move materials through the cell.

Front 13

ribosome

Back 13

Ribosomes are organelles where protein synthesis happens. Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm or in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Front 14

golgi apparatus or golgi bodies

Back 14

Golgi bodies help package products from the endoplasmic reticulum and distributes the packages around the cell or outside of the cell.

Front 15

telephase

Back 15

Telephase is the the final phase of mitosis where the parent cell splits into two new daughter cells.

Front 16

prophase

Back 16

Prophase is the 2nd stage of mitosis when chromosomes copies are held together so they form a "X"

Front 17

interphase

Back 17

Interphase is the 1st stage of mitosis before a cell divides. As a cell prepares to divide, each chromosome in the nucleus makes an exact copy of itself.

Front 18

nuclear membrane

Back 18

The nuclear membrane surrounds and protects the nucleus.

Front 19

nucleolus

Back 19

The nucleolus is found in the nucleus and is responsible for making ribosomes.

Front 20

vacuoles

Back 20

Vacuoles are fluid-filled structures that temporarily store different substances needed by the cell. Some vacuoles are specialized for storing waste products.

Hint 20

Animal cells often have many small vacuoles.

Front 21

cell wall

Back 21

The cell wall is the outer barrier that provides extra support for plant cells and give the cell shape.

Cell walls are made mostly of cellulose, a fiber that is the main component in wood and paper.

Hint 21

Cell walls are only found in plant cells.

Front 22

chloroplasts

Back 22

Chloroplast are food making structures in plan cells. Chloroplast contain the green pigment chlorophyll.

Hint 22

Chloroplast is only found in plant cells.

Front 23

chlorophyll

Back 23

Chlorophyll captures the energy of sunlight and uses it to combine water and carbon dioxide to make glucose.

Glucose is simple sugar plants use as food.

Hint 23

Chlorophyll is only found in plant cells.

This food making process is called photosynthesis.

Front 24

photosynthesis

Back 24

Photosynthesis is the process that plants go through to make food.

Front 25

plant cell

Back 25

Front 26

animal cell

Back 26

Front 27

unicellular

Back 27

An organism made from one cell.

Hint 27

The cell of a single cell organism has structures to help the organism move, get food, reproduce and survive.

Front 28

prokaryotic cells

Back 28

Prokaryotic cells do not have cell membranes.

Front 29

eukaryotic

Back 29

Eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane.

Hint 29

Most organisms except for certain types of bacteria have cell membranes.

Front 30

organelle

Back 30

Organelles are structures in the cell that carry out specific functions.

Front 31

cytoplasm

Back 31

Cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid that fills much of the inside of the cell.

Front 32

lysosomes

Back 32

Lysosomes are small, round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell.

Front 33

Specialized cell that work together to perform a certain function.

Back 33

tissues