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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
acute tubular necrosis
type of acute renal failure in which there is actual damage to the kidney tubules
anuria
O < 50 mL / 24 hours
arteriovenous fistula
type of vascular access for dialysis; created by surgically connecting an artery to a vein
arteriovenous graft
type of surgically created vascular access for dialysis by which a piece of biologic, semibiologic, or synthetic graft material connects the patient's artery to a vein
azotemia
concentration of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
method of peritoneal dialysis whereby a patient performs four or five complete exchanges or cycles throughout the day
CCPD - continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis
method of peritoneal dialysis in which a peritoneal dialysis machine (cycler) automatically performs exchanges, usually while the patient sleeps
CRRT - continuous renal replacement therapy
variety of methods used to replace normal kidney function by circulating the patient's blood through a filter and returning it to the patient
CVVHD - continuous venovenous hemodialysis
form of continuous renal replacement therapy that results in removal of fluid and waste products; venous blood circulates through a hemofilter and returns to the patient
CVVH - continous venovenous hemofiltration
form of continuous renal replacement therapy that primarily results in removal of fluid; venous blood circulates through a hemofilter and returns to the patient
dialysate
solution that circulates through the dialyzer in hemodialysis and through the peritoneal membrane in peritoneal dialysis
dialyzer
"artificial kidney" or dialysis machine; contains a semipermeable membrane through which particles of a certain size can pass
diffusion
movement of solutes (waste products) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
end-stage renal disease - ESRD
progressive, irreversible deterioration in renal function that results in retention of uremic waste products
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the glomerular capillaries
hemodialysis
procedure during which a patient's blood is circulated through a dialyzer to remove waste products and excess fluid
interstitial nephritis
inflammation within the renal tissue
nephrosclerosis
hardening of the renal arteries
osmosis
movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration
peritoneal dialysis
procedure that uses the lining of the patient's peritoneal cavity as the semipermeable membrane for exchange of fluid and solutes
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneal membrane (lining of the peritoneal cavity)
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
ultrafiltration
process whereby water is removed from the blood by means of a pressure gradient between the patient's blood and the dialysate
uremia
an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood
urinary casts
proteins secreted by damaged kidney tubules