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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the characteristics of the super family Strongyloidea
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stouter then Trichostongyloidea
large buccal capsules mainly in large intestines eggs typical strongylid infective stage: [L3} route of infection oral migration in DH commonly occurs life cycles are direct |
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Describe the general characteristics of the sub-family strongylinae
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as for Strongyloidea
buccal capsule globular in shape and with leaf crowns dorsal gutter usually present "plug feeders" buccal capsule often with teeth All members of this family mature in the LI |
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Name the 3 species of migratory strongylines
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Stongylus equinus
Strongylus edentatus Stongylus vulgaris |
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Stongylus equinus
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2.5-5.5 cm, migratory, 3 sharply pointed teeth in buccal capsule
dorsal tooth has a double point (bifid) and there are 2 ventral teeth PPP 9 months Large intestine of horse infection by ingestion |
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Strongylus edentatus
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2.0-4.5cm, migratory
NO teeth in buccal capsule PPP 11 months Large intestine of horse infection by ingestion |
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Strongylus vulgaris
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1.5-2.5cm, migratory
a pair of rounded teeth in buccal capsule PPP 6 months Large intestine of horse Infection by ingestion |
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Describe the migratory route of Stongylus equinus
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Exsheathment in SI --> peritoneal cavity --> liver (6-7wks) --> crosses abdominal cavity to wall of caecum, often passing through pancreas en route --> matures in gut lumen
PPP 9 months |
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Describe the migratory route of Strongylus edentatus
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Exsheathment in SI --> to liver via hepatic portal blood (2 months) --> via hepatic ligaments to beneath parietal peritoneum where larvae develop cyst-like nodules (4-6 months) --> caecum via abdominal cavity
PPP 11 months |
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Describe the migratory route of Strongylus vulgaris
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Exsheathment in SI --> penetrates wall of SI, caecum and colon, molts to L4 --> enters terminal branches of cranial mesenteric artery in S & L intestine --> migrates against blood flow on surface of intima producing endarteritis as they progress --> cease migration at root of artery (at aorta), induce endarteritis and formation of thrombus (3-4 months) --> moult and return to caecum and colon in the blood stream
PPP 6 months |
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Triodontophorus
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common, 17-25 mm, buccal capsule with 3 large teeth each with two plates (shards of glass)
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Describe the chracteristics of the subfamily Cyathostominae ('red worms')
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All are found in the caecum and colon of the horse
relatively large buccal capsule, straight sided and leaf crowns present, most do not have teeth copulatory bursa elongated dorsally in side view relatively stout and easily seen, 4-20mm |
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Describe the life cycle of Cyathostominae
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typical and non-migratory except that the L3 penetrate the mucosa
L4 develop in colonic mucosa and/or submucosa (encysted L3's can become inhibited in the mucosa for long periods adults are all 'plug feeders' min PPP 6-12 weeks |
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Describe the characteristic features of the genus Oesophagostomum
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rectangular buccal capsule with leaf crowns
cephalic and cervical dilatations of the cuticle a cervical groove posterior to the cervical dilatation lateral alae posterior to the cervical groove |
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Describe the life cycle of Oesophagostomum
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typical, non-migratory life cycle except L3 invade the lamina propria to develop
several species stimulate the production of mucosal nodules around the developing larvae; this may occur in the terminal small intestine as well as the colon through the mature parasites are always in the colon |
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Oesophagostomum radiatum
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14-22 mm, common, Cattle colon
external leaf crown absent cephalic and cervical dilatations very distinct stimulates nodule formation more important in warmer climate (aussie) than in NZ |
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Oesophagostomum venulosum
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11-24 mm, common, Sheep & goats colon
narrow cervical alae usually does NOT cause nodule formation, not very pathogenic |
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Oesophagostomum columbianum
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NOT in NZ, but common & impt in warmer countries
Sheep & goats colon Wide cervical alae highly pathogenic causing severe nodule formation |
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Oesophagostomum dentatum
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Pig colon
7-15 mm, cause nodule formation |
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Chabertia ovina
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colon of ruminants (S&G)
large bell-shaped buccal capsule leaf crowns much reduced common 13-20 mm no migration |
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Stephanurus dentatus
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pig, in cystic spaces in perirenal fat and kidney
cystic spaces communicate with kidney pelvis or ureters eggs pass in urine stout, 20-45mm long karge buccal capsule, leaf crowns infection by percutaneous, ingestion of [L3] on herbage or soil or ingestion on L3 in an earthworm (PH) migrate to liver (3-9months) --> renal area PPP min 6 months tropical problem (far north NZ) |
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Syngamus trachea
"gape worm" |
trachea of birds
F: 20mm, M: 5mm permanently in copula buccal capsule large, shallow, teeth 2 polar caps on egg [L3] develops in egg before hatching infection bu ingestion of [L3] in egg, [L3] after hatched, L3 encysted in earthworm, slug or snails (PH) larvae migrate hepatic-tracheal |
